Merge pull request #5604 from mailcow/staging

🛷 🐄 Moocember 2023 Update | Netfilter NFTables Support and Banlist Endpoint
2023-12-19 10:59:37 +01:00 · 2023-12-19 10:59:37 +01:00 · 121f0120f0
commit 121f0120f0
parent 2024cda560 515b85bb2f
31 changed files with 1323 additions and 355 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
-  - name: ❓ Community-driven support
+  - name: ❓ Community-driven support (Free)
    url: https://docs.mailcow.email/#get-support
    about: Please use the community forum for questions or assistance
+  - name: 🔥 Premium Support (Paid)
+    url: https://www.servercow.de/mailcow?lang=en#support
+    about: Buy a support subscription for any critical issues and get assisted by the mailcow Team. See conditions!
  - name: 🚨 Report a security vulnerability
-    url: https://www.servercow.de/anfrage?lang=en
+    url: "mailto:info@servercow.de?subject=mailcow: dockerized Security Vulnerability"
    about: Please give us appropriate time to verify, respond and fix before disclosure.
--- a/.github/workflows/close_old_issues_and_prs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/close_old_issues_and_prs.yml
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
      pull-requests: write
    steps:
      - name: Mark/Close Stale Issues and Pull Requests 🗑️
-        uses: actions/stale@v8.0.0
+        uses: actions/stale@v9.0.0
        with:
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.STALE_ACTION_PAT }}
          days-before-stale: 60
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@ -1,5 +1,33 @@
-When a problem occurs, then always for a reason! What you want to do in such a case is:
+# Contribution Guidelines (Last modified on 18th December 2023)

+First of all, thank you for wanting to provide a bugfix or a new feature for the mailcow community, it's because of your help that the project can continue to grow!
+
+## Pull Requests (Last modified on 18th December 2023)
+
+However, please note the following regarding pull requests:
+
+1. **ALWAYS** create your PR using the staging branch of your locally cloned mailcow instance, as the pull request will end up in said staging branch of mailcow once approved. Ideally, you should simply create a new branch for your pull request that is named after the type of your PR (e.g. `feat/` for function updates or `fix/` for bug fixes) and the actual content (e.g. `sogo-6.0.0` for an update from SOGo to version 6 or `html-escape` for a fix that includes escaping HTML in mailcow).
+2. Please **keep** this pull request branch **clean** and free of commits that have nothing to do with the changes you have made (e.g. commits from other users from other branches). *If you make changes to the `update.sh` script or other scripts that trigger a commit, there is usually a developer mode for clean working in this case.
+3. **Test your changes before you commit them as a pull request.** <ins>If possible</ins>, write a small **test log** or demonstrate the functionality with a **screenshot or GIF**. *We will of course also test your pull request ourselves, but proof from you will save us the question of whether you have tested your own changes yourself.*
+4. Please **ALWAYS** create the actual pull request against the staging branch and **NEVER** directly against the master branch. *If you forget to do this, our moobot will remind you to switch the branch to staging.*
+5. Wait for a merge commit: It may happen that we do not accept your pull request immediately or sometimes not at all for various reasons. Please do not be disappointed if this is the case. We always endeavor to incorporate any meaningful changes from the community into the mailcow project.
+6. If you are planning larger and therefore more complex pull requests, it would be advisable to first announce this in a separate issue and then start implementing it after the idea has been accepted in order to avoid unnecessary frustration and effort!
+
+---
+
+## Issue Reporting (Last modified on 18th December 2023)
+
+If you plan to report a issue within mailcow please read and understand the following rules:
+
+1. **ONLY** use the issue tracker for bug reports or improvement requests and NOT for support questions. For support questions you can either contact the [mailcow community on Telegram](https://docs.mailcow.email/#community-support-and-chat) or the mailcow team directly in exchange for a [support fee](https://docs.mailcow.email/#commercial-support).
+2. **ONLY** report an error if you have the **necessary know-how (at least the basics)** for the administration of an e-mail server and the usage of Docker. mailcow is a complex and fully-fledged e-mail server including groupware components on a Docker basement and it requires a bit of technical know-how for debugging and operating.
+3. **ONLY** report bugs that are contained in the latest mailcow release series. *The definition of the latest release series includes the last major patch (e.g. 2023-12) and all minor patches (revisions) below it (e.g. 2023-12a, b, c etc.).* New issue reports published starting from January 1, 2024 must meet this criterion, as versions below the latest releases are no longer supported by us.
+4. When reporting a problem, please be as detailed as possible and include even the smallest changes to your mailcow installation. Simply fill out the corresponding bug report form in detail and accurately to minimize possible questions.
+5. **Before you open an issue/feature request**, please first check whether a similar request already exists in the mailcow tracker on GitHub. If so, please include yourself in this request.
+6. When you create a issue/feature request: Please note that the creation does <ins>**not guarantee an instant implementation or fix by the mailcow team or the community**</ins>.
+7. Please **ALWAYS** anonymize any sensitive information in your bug report or feature request before submitting it.
+
+### Quick guide to reporting problems:
 1. Read your logs; follow them to see what the reason for your problem is.
 2. Follow the leads given to you in your logfiles and start investigating.
 3. Restarting the troubled service or the whole stack to see if the problem persists.
@ -7,3 +35,5 @@ When a problem occurs, then always for a reason! What you want to do in such a c
 5. Search our [issues](https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized/issues) for your problem.
 6. [Create an issue](https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized/issues/new/choose) over at our GitHub repository if you think your problem might be a bug or a missing feature you badly need. But please make sure, that you include **all the logs** and a full description to your problem.
 7. Ask your questions in our community-driven [support channels](https://docs.mailcow.email/#community-support-and-chat).
+
+## When creating an issue/feature request or a pull request, you will be asked to confirm these guidelines.
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/Dockerfile
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/Dockerfile
@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 FROM alpine:3.17
 LABEL maintainer "The Infrastructure Company GmbH <info@servercow.de>"

+WORKDIR /app
+
 ENV XTABLES_LIBDIR /usr/lib/xtables
 ENV PYTHON_IPTABLES_XTABLES_VERSION 12
 ENV IPTABLES_LIBDIR /usr/lib
@ -14,10 +16,13 @@ RUN apk add --virtual .build-deps \
  iptables \
  ip6tables \
  xtables-addons \
+  nftables \
  tzdata \
  py3-pip \
+  py3-nftables \
  musl-dev \
 && pip3 install --ignore-installed --upgrade pip \
+  jsonschema \
  python-iptables \
  redis \
  ipaddress \
@ -26,5 +31,10 @@ RUN apk add --virtual .build-deps \

 #  && pip3 install --upgrade pip python-iptables==0.13.0 redis ipaddress dnspython \

-COPY server.py /
-CMD ["python3", "-u", "/server.py"]
+COPY modules /app/modules
+COPY main.py /app/
+COPY ./docker-entrypoint.sh /app/
+
+RUN chmod +x /app/docker-entrypoint.sh
+
+CMD ["/bin/sh", "-c", "/app/docker-entrypoint.sh"]
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/docker-entrypoint.sh
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/docker-entrypoint.sh
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+backend=iptables
+
+nft list table ip filter &>/dev/null
+nftables_found=$?
+
+iptables -L -n &>/dev/null
+iptables_found=$?
+
+if [ $nftables_found -lt $iptables_found ]; then
+  backend=nftables
+fi
+
+if [ $nftables_found -gt $iptables_found ]; then
+  backend=iptables
+fi
+
+if [ $nftables_found -eq 0 ] && [ $nftables_found -eq $iptables_found ]; then
+  nftables_lines=$(nft list ruleset | wc -l)
+  iptables_lines=$(iptables-save | wc -l)
+  if [ $nftables_lines -gt $iptables_lines ]; then
+    backend=nftables
+  else
+    backend=iptables
+  fi
+fi
+
+exec python -u /app/main.py $backend
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/server.py
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/server.py
@ -13,10 +13,15 @@ from threading import Thread
 from threading import Lock
 import redis
 import json
-import iptc
 import dns.resolver
 import dns.exception
+import uuid
+from modules.Logger import Logger
+from modules.IPTables import IPTables
+from modules.NFTables import NFTables

+
+# connect to redis
 while True:
  try:
    redis_slaveof_ip = os.getenv('REDIS_SLAVEOF_IP', '')
@ -31,34 +36,33 @@ while True:
    time.sleep(3)
  else:
    break
-
 pubsub = r.pubsub()

+# rename fail2ban to netfilter
+if r.exists('F2B_LOG'):
+  r.rename('F2B_LOG', 'NETFILTER_LOG')
+
+
+# globals
 WHITELIST = []
 BLACKLIST= []
-
 bans = {}
-
 quit_now = False
 exit_code = 0
 lock = Lock()

-def log(priority, message):
-  tolog = {}
-  tolog['time'] = int(round(time.time()))
-  tolog['priority'] = priority
-  tolog['message'] = message
-  r.lpush('NETFILTER_LOG', json.dumps(tolog, ensure_ascii=False))
-  print(message)

-def logWarn(message):
-  log('warn', message)
+# init Logger
+logger = Logger(r)
+# init backend
+backend = sys.argv[1]
+if backend == "nftables":
+  logger.logInfo('Using NFTables backend')
+  tables = NFTables("MAILCOW", logger)
+else:
+  logger.logInfo('Using IPTables backend')
+  tables = IPTables("MAILCOW", logger)

-def logCrit(message):
-  log('crit', message)
-
-def logInfo(message):
-  log('info', message)

 def refreshF2boptions():
  global f2boptions
@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ def refreshF2boptions():
    try:
      f2boptions = json.loads(r.get('F2B_OPTIONS'))
    except ValueError:
-      print('Error loading F2B options: F2B_OPTIONS is not json')
+      logger.logCrit('Error loading F2B options: F2B_OPTIONS is not json')
      quit_now = True
      exit_code = 2

@ -94,6 +98,8 @@ def verifyF2boptions(f2boptions):
  verifyF2boption(f2boptions,'retry_window', 600)
  verifyF2boption(f2boptions,'netban_ipv4', 32)
  verifyF2boption(f2boptions,'netban_ipv6', 128)
+  verifyF2boption(f2boptions,'banlist_id', str(uuid.uuid4()))
+  verifyF2boption(f2boptions,'manage_external', 0)

 def verifyF2boption(f2boptions, f2boption, f2bdefault):
  f2boptions[f2boption] = f2boptions[f2boption] if f2boption in f2boptions and f2boptions[f2boption] is not None else f2bdefault
@ -120,43 +126,23 @@ def refreshF2bregex():
      f2bregex = {}
      f2bregex = json.loads(r.get('F2B_REGEX'))
    except ValueError:
-      print('Error loading F2B options: F2B_REGEX is not json')
+      logger.logCrit('Error loading F2B options: F2B_REGEX is not json')
      quit_now = True
      exit_code = 2

-if r.exists('F2B_LOG'):
-  r.rename('F2B_LOG', 'NETFILTER_LOG')
-
-def mailcowChainOrder():
-  global lock
-  global quit_now
-  global exit_code
-  while not quit_now:
-    time.sleep(10)
-    with lock:
-      filter4_table = iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER)
-      filter6_table = iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER)
-      filter4_table.refresh()
-      filter6_table.refresh()
-      for f in [filter4_table, filter6_table]:
-        forward_chain = iptc.Chain(f, 'FORWARD')
-        input_chain = iptc.Chain(f, 'INPUT')
-        for chain in [forward_chain, input_chain]:
-          target_found = False
-          for position, item in enumerate(chain.rules):
-            if item.target.name == 'MAILCOW':
-              target_found = True
-              if position > 2:
-                logCrit('Error in %s chain order: MAILCOW on position %d, restarting container' % (chain.name, position))
-                quit_now = True
-                exit_code = 2
-          if not target_found:
-            logCrit('Error in %s chain: MAILCOW target not found, restarting container' % (chain.name))
-            quit_now = True
-            exit_code = 2
+def get_ip(address):
+  ip = ipaddress.ip_address(address)
+  if type(ip) is ipaddress.IPv6Address and ip.ipv4_mapped:
+    ip = ip.ipv4_mapped
+  if ip.is_private or ip.is_loopback:
+    return False
+  
+  return ip

 def ban(address):
+  global f2boptions
  global lock
+
  refreshF2boptions()
  BAN_TIME = int(f2boptions['ban_time'])
  BAN_TIME_INCREMENT = bool(f2boptions['ban_time_increment'])
@ -165,23 +151,18 @@ def ban(address):
  NETBAN_IPV4 = '/' + str(f2boptions['netban_ipv4'])
  NETBAN_IPV6 = '/' + str(f2boptions['netban_ipv6'])

-  ip = ipaddress.ip_address(address)
-  if type(ip) is ipaddress.IPv6Address and ip.ipv4_mapped:
-    ip = ip.ipv4_mapped
-    address = str(ip)
-  if ip.is_private or ip.is_loopback:
-    return
-
+  ip = get_ip(address)
+  if not ip: return
+  address = str(ip)
  self_network = ipaddress.ip_network(address)

  with lock:
    temp_whitelist = set(WHITELIST)
-
  if temp_whitelist:
    for wl_key in temp_whitelist:
      wl_net = ipaddress.ip_network(wl_key, False)
      if wl_net.overlaps(self_network):
-        logInfo('Address %s is whitelisted by rule %s' % (self_network, wl_net))
+        logger.logInfo('Address %s is whitelisted by rule %s' % (self_network, wl_net))
        return

  net = ipaddress.ip_network((address + (NETBAN_IPV4 if type(ip) is ipaddress.IPv4Address else NETBAN_IPV6)), strict=False)
@ -190,60 +171,44 @@ def ban(address):
  if not net in bans:
    bans[net] = {'attempts': 0, 'last_attempt': 0, 'ban_counter': 0}

+  current_attempt = time.time()
+  if current_attempt - bans[net]['last_attempt'] > RETRY_WINDOW:
+    bans[net]['attempts'] = 0
+
  bans[net]['attempts'] += 1
-  bans[net]['last_attempt'] = time.time()
+  bans[net]['last_attempt'] = current_attempt

  if bans[net]['attempts'] >= MAX_ATTEMPTS:
    cur_time = int(round(time.time()))
    NET_BAN_TIME = BAN_TIME if not BAN_TIME_INCREMENT else BAN_TIME * 2 ** bans[net]['ban_counter']
-    logCrit('Banning %s for %d minutes' % (net, NET_BAN_TIME / 60 ))
-    if type(ip) is ipaddress.IPv4Address:
+    logger.logCrit('Banning %s for %d minutes' % (net, NET_BAN_TIME / 60 ))
+    if type(ip) is ipaddress.IPv4Address and int(f2boptions['manage_external']) != 1:
      with lock:
-        chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), 'MAILCOW')
-        rule = iptc.Rule()
-        rule.src = net
-        target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
-        rule.target = target
-        if rule not in chain.rules:
-          chain.insert_rule(rule)
-    else:
+        tables.banIPv4(net)
+    elif int(f2boptions['manage_external']) != 1:
      with lock:
-        chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), 'MAILCOW')
-        rule = iptc.Rule6()
-        rule.src = net
-        target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
-        rule.target = target
-        if rule not in chain.rules:
-          chain.insert_rule(rule)
+        tables.banIPv6(net)
+
    r.hset('F2B_ACTIVE_BANS', '%s' % net, cur_time + NET_BAN_TIME)
  else:
-    logWarn('%d more attempts in the next %d seconds until %s is banned' % (MAX_ATTEMPTS - bans[net]['attempts'], RETRY_WINDOW, net))
+    logger.logWarn('%d more attempts in the next %d seconds until %s is banned' % (MAX_ATTEMPTS - bans[net]['attempts'], RETRY_WINDOW, net))

 def unban(net):
  global lock
+
  if not net in bans:
-   logInfo('%s is not banned, skipping unban and deleting from queue (if any)' % net)
+   logger.logInfo('%s is not banned, skipping unban and deleting from queue (if any)' % net)
   r.hdel('F2B_QUEUE_UNBAN', '%s' % net)
   return
-  logInfo('Unbanning %s' % net)
+
+  logger.logInfo('Unbanning %s' % net)
  if type(ipaddress.ip_network(net)) is ipaddress.IPv4Network:
    with lock:
-      chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), 'MAILCOW')
-      rule = iptc.Rule()
-      rule.src = net
-      target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
-      rule.target = target
-      if rule in chain.rules:
-        chain.delete_rule(rule)
+      tables.unbanIPv4(net)
  else:
    with lock:
-      chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), 'MAILCOW')
-      rule = iptc.Rule6()
-      rule.src = net
-      target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
-      rule.target = target
-      if rule in chain.rules:
-        chain.delete_rule(rule)
+      tables.unbanIPv6(net)
+
  r.hdel('F2B_ACTIVE_BANS', '%s' % net)
  r.hdel('F2B_QUEUE_UNBAN', '%s' % net)
  if net in bans:
@ -251,74 +216,46 @@ def unban(net):
    bans[net]['ban_counter'] += 1

 def permBan(net, unban=False):
+  global f2boptions
  global lock
+
+  is_unbanned = False
+  is_banned = False
  if type(ipaddress.ip_network(net, strict=False)) is ipaddress.IPv4Network:
    with lock:
-      chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), 'MAILCOW')
-      rule = iptc.Rule()
-      rule.src = net
-      target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
-      rule.target = target
-      if rule not in chain.rules and not unban:
-        logCrit('Add host/network %s to blacklist' % net)
-        chain.insert_rule(rule)
-        r.hset('F2B_PERM_BANS', '%s' % net, int(round(time.time())))
-      elif rule in chain.rules and unban:
-        logCrit('Remove host/network %s from blacklist' % net)
-        chain.delete_rule(rule)
-        r.hdel('F2B_PERM_BANS', '%s' % net)
+      if unban:
+        is_unbanned = tables.unbanIPv4(net)
+      elif int(f2boptions['manage_external']) != 1:
+        is_banned = tables.banIPv4(net)
  else:
    with lock:
-      chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), 'MAILCOW')
-      rule = iptc.Rule6()
-      rule.src = net
-      target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
-      rule.target = target
-      if rule not in chain.rules and not unban:
-        logCrit('Add host/network %s to blacklist' % net)
-        chain.insert_rule(rule)
-        r.hset('F2B_PERM_BANS', '%s' % net, int(round(time.time())))
-      elif rule in chain.rules and unban:
-        logCrit('Remove host/network %s from blacklist' % net)
-        chain.delete_rule(rule)
-        r.hdel('F2B_PERM_BANS', '%s' % net)
+      if unban:
+        is_unbanned = tables.unbanIPv6(net)
+      elif int(f2boptions['manage_external']) != 1:
+        is_banned = tables.banIPv6(net)

-def quit(signum, frame):
-  global quit_now
-  quit_now = True
+
+  if is_unbanned:
+    r.hdel('F2B_PERM_BANS', '%s' % net)
+    logger.logCrit('Removed host/network %s from blacklist' % net)
+  elif is_banned:
+    r.hset('F2B_PERM_BANS', '%s' % net, int(round(time.time())))
+    logger.logCrit('Added host/network %s to blacklist' % net)

 def clear():
  global lock
-  logInfo('Clearing all bans')
+  logger.logInfo('Clearing all bans')
  for net in bans.copy():
    unban(net)
  with lock:
-    filter4_table = iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER)
-    filter6_table = iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER)
-    for filter_table in [filter4_table, filter6_table]:
-      filter_table.autocommit = False
-      forward_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, "FORWARD")
-      input_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, "INPUT")
-      mailcow_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, "MAILCOW")
-      if mailcow_chain in filter_table.chains:
-        for rule in mailcow_chain.rules:
-          mailcow_chain.delete_rule(rule)
-        for rule in forward_chain.rules:
-          if rule.target.name == 'MAILCOW':
-            forward_chain.delete_rule(rule)
-        for rule in input_chain.rules:
-          if rule.target.name == 'MAILCOW':
-            input_chain.delete_rule(rule)
-        filter_table.delete_chain("MAILCOW")
-      filter_table.commit()
-      filter_table.refresh()
-      filter_table.autocommit = True
+    tables.clearIPv4Table()
+    tables.clearIPv6Table()
    r.delete('F2B_ACTIVE_BANS')
    r.delete('F2B_PERM_BANS')
    pubsub.unsubscribe()

 def watch():
-  logInfo('Watching Redis channel F2B_CHANNEL')
+  logger.logInfo('Watching Redis channel F2B_CHANNEL')
  pubsub.subscribe('F2B_CHANNEL')

  global quit_now
@ -339,10 +276,10 @@ def watch():
              ip = ipaddress.ip_address(addr)
              if ip.is_private or ip.is_loopback:
                continue
-              logWarn('%s matched rule id %s (%s)' % (addr, rule_id, item['data']))
+              logger.logWarn('%s matched rule id %s (%s)' % (addr, rule_id, item['data']))
              ban(addr)
    except Exception as ex:
-      logWarn('Error reading log line from pubsub: %s' % ex)
+      logger.logWarn('Error reading log line from pubsub: %s' % ex)
      quit_now = True
      exit_code = 2

@ -350,87 +287,19 @@ def snat4(snat_target):
  global lock
  global quit_now

-  def get_snat4_rule():
-    rule = iptc.Rule()
-    rule.src = os.getenv('IPV4_NETWORK', '172.22.1') + '.0/24'
-    rule.dst = '!' + rule.src
-    target = rule.create_target("SNAT")
-    target.to_source = snat_target
-    match = rule.create_match("comment")
-    match.comment = f'{int(round(time.time()))}'
-    return rule
-
  while not quit_now:
    time.sleep(10)
    with lock:
-      try:
-        table = iptc.Table('nat')
-        table.refresh()
-        chain = iptc.Chain(table, 'POSTROUTING')
-        table.autocommit = False
-        new_rule = get_snat4_rule()
-
-        if not chain.rules:
-          # if there are no rules in the chain, insert the new rule directly
-          logInfo(f'Added POSTROUTING rule for source network {new_rule.src} to SNAT target {snat_target}')
-          chain.insert_rule(new_rule)
-        else:
-          for position, rule in enumerate(chain.rules):
-            if not hasattr(rule.target, 'parameter'):
-                continue
-            match = all((
-              new_rule.get_src() == rule.get_src(),
-              new_rule.get_dst() == rule.get_dst(),
-              new_rule.target.parameters == rule.target.parameters,
-              new_rule.target.name == rule.target.name
-            ))
-            if position == 0:
-              if not match:
-                logInfo(f'Added POSTROUTING rule for source network {new_rule.src} to SNAT target {snat_target}')
-                chain.insert_rule(new_rule)
-            else:
-              if match:
-                logInfo(f'Remove rule for source network {new_rule.src} to SNAT target {snat_target} from POSTROUTING chain at position {position}')
-                chain.delete_rule(rule)
-
-        table.commit()
-        table.autocommit = True
-      except:
-        print('Error running SNAT4, retrying...')
+      tables.snat4(snat_target, os.getenv('IPV4_NETWORK', '172.22.1') + '.0/24')

 def snat6(snat_target):
  global lock
  global quit_now

-  def get_snat6_rule():
-    rule = iptc.Rule6()
-    rule.src = os.getenv('IPV6_NETWORK', 'fd4d:6169:6c63:6f77::/64')
-    rule.dst = '!' + rule.src
-    target = rule.create_target("SNAT")
-    target.to_source = snat_target
-    return rule
-
  while not quit_now:
    time.sleep(10)
    with lock:
-      try:
-        table = iptc.Table6('nat')
-        table.refresh()
-        chain = iptc.Chain(table, 'POSTROUTING')
-        table.autocommit = False
-        if get_snat6_rule() not in chain.rules:
-          logInfo('Added POSTROUTING rule for source network %s to SNAT target %s' % (get_snat6_rule().src, snat_target))
-          chain.insert_rule(get_snat6_rule())
-          table.commit()
-        else:
-          for position, item in enumerate(chain.rules):
-            if item == get_snat6_rule():
-              if position != 0:
-                chain.delete_rule(get_snat6_rule())
-          table.commit()
-        table.autocommit = True
-      except:
-        print('Error running SNAT6, retrying...')
+      tables.snat6(snat_target, os.getenv('IPV6_NETWORK', 'fd4d:6169:6c63:6f77::/64'))

 def autopurge():
  while not quit_now:
@ -451,6 +320,17 @@ def autopurge():
        if TIME_SINCE_LAST_ATTEMPT > NET_BAN_TIME or TIME_SINCE_LAST_ATTEMPT > MAX_BAN_TIME:
          unban(net)

+def mailcowChainOrder():
+  global lock
+  global quit_now
+  global exit_code
+  while not quit_now:
+    time.sleep(10)
+    with lock:
+      quit_now, exit_code = tables.checkIPv4ChainOrder()
+      if quit_now: return
+      quit_now, exit_code = tables.checkIPv6ChainOrder()
+
 def isIpNetwork(address):
  try:
    ipaddress.ip_network(address, False)
@ -458,7 +338,6 @@ def isIpNetwork(address):
    return False
  return True

-
 def genNetworkList(list):
  resolver = dns.resolver.Resolver()
  hostnames = []
@ -474,12 +353,12 @@ def genNetworkList(list):
      try:
        answer = resolver.resolve(qname=hostname, rdtype=rdtype, lifetime=3)
      except dns.exception.Timeout:
-        logInfo('Hostname %s timedout on resolve' % hostname)
+        logger.logInfo('Hostname %s timedout on resolve' % hostname)
        break
      except (dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN, dns.resolver.NoAnswer):
        continue
      except dns.exception.DNSException as dnsexception:
-        logInfo('%s' % dnsexception)
+        logger.logInfo('%s' % dnsexception)
        continue
      for rdata in answer:
        hostname_ips.append(rdata.to_text())
@ -499,7 +378,7 @@ def whitelistUpdate():
    with lock:
      if Counter(new_whitelist) != Counter(WHITELIST):
        WHITELIST = new_whitelist
-        logInfo('Whitelist was changed, it has %s entries' % len(WHITELIST))
+        logger.logInfo('Whitelist was changed, it has %s entries' % len(WHITELIST))
    time.sleep(60.0 - ((time.time() - start_time) % 60.0))

 def blacklistUpdate():
@ -515,7 +394,7 @@ def blacklistUpdate():
      addban = set(new_blacklist).difference(BLACKLIST)
      delban = set(BLACKLIST).difference(new_blacklist)
      BLACKLIST = new_blacklist
-      logInfo('Blacklist was changed, it has %s entries' % len(BLACKLIST))
+      logger.logInfo('Blacklist was changed, it has %s entries' % len(BLACKLIST))
      if addban:
        for net in addban:
          permBan(net=net)
@ -524,40 +403,20 @@ def blacklistUpdate():
          permBan(net=net, unban=True)
    time.sleep(60.0 - ((time.time() - start_time) % 60.0))

-def initChain():
-  # Is called before threads start, no locking
-  print("Initializing mailcow netfilter chain")
-  # IPv4
-  if not iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), "MAILCOW") in iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER).chains:
-    iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER).create_chain("MAILCOW")
-  for c in ['FORWARD', 'INPUT']:
-    chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), c)
-    rule = iptc.Rule()
-    rule.src = '0.0.0.0/0'
-    rule.dst = '0.0.0.0/0'
-    target = iptc.Target(rule, "MAILCOW")
-    rule.target = target
-    if rule not in chain.rules:
-      chain.insert_rule(rule)
-  # IPv6
-  if not iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), "MAILCOW") in iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER).chains:
-    iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER).create_chain("MAILCOW")
-  for c in ['FORWARD', 'INPUT']:
-    chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), c)
-    rule = iptc.Rule6()
-    rule.src = '::/0'
-    rule.dst = '::/0'
-    target = iptc.Target(rule, "MAILCOW")
-    rule.target = target
-    if rule not in chain.rules:
-      chain.insert_rule(rule)
+def quit(signum, frame):
+  global quit_now
+  quit_now = True
+

 if __name__ == '__main__':
-
+  refreshF2boptions()
  # In case a previous session was killed without cleanup
  clear()
  # Reinit MAILCOW chain
-  initChain()
+  # Is called before threads start, no locking
+  logger.logInfo("Initializing mailcow netfilter chain")
+  tables.initChainIPv4()
+  tables.initChainIPv6()

  watch_thread = Thread(target=watch)
  watch_thread.daemon = True
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/IPTables.py
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/IPTables.py
@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+import iptc
+import time
+
+class IPTables:
+  def __init__(self, chain_name, logger):
+    self.chain_name = chain_name
+    self.logger = logger
+
+  def initChainIPv4(self):
+    if not iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), self.chain_name) in iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER).chains:
+      iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER).create_chain(self.chain_name)
+    for c in ['FORWARD', 'INPUT']:
+      chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), c)
+      rule = iptc.Rule()
+      rule.src = '0.0.0.0/0'
+      rule.dst = '0.0.0.0/0'
+      target = iptc.Target(rule, self.chain_name)
+      rule.target = target
+      if rule not in chain.rules:
+        chain.insert_rule(rule)
+
+  def initChainIPv6(self):
+    if not iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), self.chain_name) in iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER).chains:
+      iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER).create_chain(self.chain_name)
+    for c in ['FORWARD', 'INPUT']:
+      chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), c)
+      rule = iptc.Rule6()
+      rule.src = '::/0'
+      rule.dst = '::/0'
+      target = iptc.Target(rule, self.chain_name)
+      rule.target = target
+      if rule not in chain.rules:
+        chain.insert_rule(rule)
+
+  def checkIPv4ChainOrder(self):
+    filter_table = iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER)
+    filter_table.refresh()
+    return self.checkChainOrder(filter_table)
+
+  def checkIPv6ChainOrder(self):
+    filter_table = iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER)
+    filter_table.refresh()
+    return self.checkChainOrder(filter_table)
+
+  def checkChainOrder(self, filter_table):
+    err = False
+    exit_code = None
+
+    forward_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, 'FORWARD')
+    input_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, 'INPUT')
+    for chain in [forward_chain, input_chain]:
+      target_found = False
+      for position, item in enumerate(chain.rules):
+        if item.target.name == self.chain_name:
+          target_found = True
+          if position > 2:
+            self.logger.logCrit('Error in %s chain: %s target not found, restarting container' % (chain.name, self.chain_name))
+            err = True
+            exit_code = 2
+      if not target_found:
+        self.logger.logCrit('Error in %s chain: %s target not found, restarting container' % (chain.name, self.chain_name))
+        err = True
+        exit_code = 2
+
+    return err, exit_code
+
+  def clearIPv4Table(self):
+    self.clearTable(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER))
+
+  def clearIPv6Table(self):
+    self.clearTable(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER))
+
+  def clearTable(self, filter_table):
+    filter_table.autocommit = False
+    forward_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, "FORWARD")
+    input_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, "INPUT")
+    mailcow_chain = iptc.Chain(filter_table, self.chain_name)
+    if mailcow_chain in filter_table.chains:
+      for rule in mailcow_chain.rules:
+        mailcow_chain.delete_rule(rule)
+      for rule in forward_chain.rules:
+        if rule.target.name == self.chain_name:
+          forward_chain.delete_rule(rule)
+      for rule in input_chain.rules:
+        if rule.target.name == self.chain_name:
+          input_chain.delete_rule(rule)
+      filter_table.delete_chain(self.chain_name)
+    filter_table.commit()
+    filter_table.refresh()
+    filter_table.autocommit = True
+
+  def banIPv4(self, source):
+    chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), self.chain_name)
+    rule = iptc.Rule()
+    rule.src = source
+    target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
+    rule.target = target
+    if rule in chain.rules:
+      return False
+    chain.insert_rule(rule)
+    return True
+
+  def banIPv6(self, source):
+    chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), self.chain_name)
+    rule = iptc.Rule6()
+    rule.src = source
+    target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
+    rule.target = target
+    if rule in chain.rules:
+      return False
+    chain.insert_rule(rule)
+    return True
+
+  def unbanIPv4(self, source):
+    chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table(iptc.Table.FILTER), self.chain_name)
+    rule = iptc.Rule()
+    rule.src = source
+    target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
+    rule.target = target
+    if rule not in chain.rules: 
+      return False
+    chain.delete_rule(rule)
+    return True
+
+  def unbanIPv6(self, source):
+    chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.Table6(iptc.Table6.FILTER), self.chain_name)
+    rule = iptc.Rule6()
+    rule.src = source
+    target = iptc.Target(rule, "REJECT")
+    rule.target = target
+    if rule not in chain.rules:
+      return False
+    chain.delete_rule(rule)
+    return True
+
+  def snat4(self, snat_target, source):
+    try:
+      table = iptc.Table('nat')
+      table.refresh()
+      chain = iptc.Chain(table, 'POSTROUTING')
+      table.autocommit = False
+      new_rule = self.getSnat4Rule(snat_target, source)
+
+      if not chain.rules:
+        # if there are no rules in the chain, insert the new rule directly
+        self.logger.logInfo(f'Added POSTROUTING rule for source network {new_rule.src} to SNAT target {snat_target}')
+        chain.insert_rule(new_rule)
+      else:
+        for position, rule in enumerate(chain.rules):
+          if not hasattr(rule.target, 'parameter'):
+              continue
+          match = all((
+            new_rule.get_src() == rule.get_src(),
+            new_rule.get_dst() == rule.get_dst(),
+            new_rule.target.parameters == rule.target.parameters,
+            new_rule.target.name == rule.target.name
+          ))
+          if position == 0:
+            if not match:
+              self.logger.logInfo(f'Added POSTROUTING rule for source network {new_rule.src} to SNAT target {snat_target}')
+              chain.insert_rule(new_rule)
+          else:
+            if match:
+              self.logger.logInfo(f'Remove rule for source network {new_rule.src} to SNAT target {snat_target} from POSTROUTING chain at position {position}')
+              chain.delete_rule(rule)
+
+      table.commit()
+      table.autocommit = True
+      return True
+    except:
+      self.logger.logCrit('Error running SNAT4, retrying...')
+      return False
+
+  def snat6(self, snat_target, source):
+    try:
+      table = iptc.Table6('nat')
+      table.refresh()
+      chain = iptc.Chain(table, 'POSTROUTING')
+      table.autocommit = False
+      new_rule = self.getSnat6Rule(snat_target, source)
+
+      if new_rule not in chain.rules:
+        self.logger.logInfo('Added POSTROUTING rule for source network %s to SNAT target %s' % (new_rule.src, snat_target))
+        chain.insert_rule(new_rule)
+      else:
+        for position, item in enumerate(chain.rules):
+          if item == new_rule:
+            if position != 0:
+              chain.delete_rule(new_rule)
+    
+      table.commit()
+      table.autocommit = True
+    except:
+      self.logger.logCrit('Error running SNAT6, retrying...')
+
+
+  def getSnat4Rule(self, snat_target, source):
+    rule = iptc.Rule()
+    rule.src = source
+    rule.dst = '!' + rule.src
+    target = rule.create_target("SNAT")
+    target.to_source = snat_target
+    match = rule.create_match("comment")
+    match.comment = f'{int(round(time.time()))}'
+    return rule
+
+  def getSnat6Rule(self, snat_target, source):
+    rule = iptc.Rule6()
+    rule.src = source
+    rule.dst = '!' + rule.src
+    target = rule.create_target("SNAT")
+    target.to_source = snat_target
+    return rule
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/Logger.py
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/Logger.py
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import time
+import json
+
+class Logger:
+  def __init__(self, redis):
+    self.r = redis
+
+  def log(self, priority, message):
+    tolog = {}
+    tolog['time'] = int(round(time.time()))
+    tolog['priority'] = priority
+    tolog['message'] = message
+    self.r.lpush('NETFILTER_LOG', json.dumps(tolog, ensure_ascii=False))
+    print(message)
+
+  def logWarn(self, message):
+    self.log('warn', message)
+
+  def logCrit(self, message):
+    self.log('crit', message)
+
+  def logInfo(self, message):
+    self.log('info', message)
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/NFTables.py
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/NFTables.py
@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+import nftables
+import ipaddress
+
+class NFTables:
+  def __init__(self, chain_name, logger):
+    self.chain_name = chain_name
+    self.logger = logger
+
+    self.nft = nftables.Nftables()
+    self.nft.set_json_output(True)
+    self.nft.set_handle_output(True)
+    self.nft_chain_names = {'ip': {'filter': {'input': '', 'forward': ''}, 'nat': {'postrouting': ''} },
+                            'ip6': {'filter': {'input': '', 'forward': ''}, 'nat': {'postrouting': ''} } }
+
+    self.search_current_chains()
+
+  def initChainIPv4(self):
+    self.insert_mailcow_chains("ip")
+
+  def initChainIPv6(self):
+    self.insert_mailcow_chains("ip6")
+
+  def checkIPv4ChainOrder(self):
+    return self.checkChainOrder("ip")
+
+  def checkIPv6ChainOrder(self):
+    return self.checkChainOrder("ip6")
+
+  def checkChainOrder(self, filter_table):
+    err = False
+    exit_code = None
+
+    for chain in ['input', 'forward']:
+      chain_position = self.check_mailcow_chains(filter_table, chain)
+      if chain_position is None: continue
+
+      if chain_position is False:
+        self.logger.logCrit(f'MAILCOW target not found in {filter_table} {chain} table, restarting container to fix it...')
+        err = True
+        exit_code = 2
+
+      if chain_position > 0:
+        self.logger.logCrit(f'MAILCOW target is in position {chain_position} in the {filter_table} {chain} table, restarting container to fix it...')
+        err = True
+        exit_code = 2
+
+    return err, exit_code
+
+  def clearIPv4Table(self):
+    self.clearTable("ip")
+
+  def clearIPv6Table(self):
+    self.clearTable("ip6")
+
+  def clearTable(self, _family):
+    is_empty_dict = True
+    json_command = self.get_base_dict()
+    chain_handle = self.get_chain_handle(_family, "filter", self.chain_name)
+    # if no handle, the chain doesn't exists
+    if chain_handle is not None:
+      is_empty_dict = False
+      # flush chain
+      mailcow_chain = {'family': _family, 'table': 'filter', 'name': self.chain_name}
+      flush_chain = {'flush': {'chain': mailcow_chain}}
+      json_command["nftables"].append(flush_chain)
+
+    # remove rule in forward chain
+    # remove rule in input chain
+    chains_family = [self.nft_chain_names[_family]['filter']['input'],
+                    self.nft_chain_names[_family]['filter']['forward'] ]
+
+    for chain_base in chains_family:
+      if not chain_base: continue
+
+      rules_handle = self.get_rules_handle(_family, "filter", chain_base)
+      if rules_handle is not None:
+        for r_handle in rules_handle:
+          is_empty_dict = False
+          mailcow_rule = {'family':_family,
+                          'table': 'filter',
+                          'chain': chain_base,
+                          'handle': r_handle }
+          delete_rules = {'delete': {'rule': mailcow_rule} }
+          json_command["nftables"].append(delete_rules)
+
+    # remove chain
+    # after delete all rules referencing this chain
+    if chain_handle is not None:
+      mc_chain_handle = {'family':_family,
+                        'table': 'filter',
+                        'name': self.chain_name,
+                        'handle': chain_handle }
+      delete_chain = {'delete': {'chain': mc_chain_handle} }
+      json_command["nftables"].append(delete_chain)
+
+    if is_empty_dict == False:
+      if self.nft_exec_dict(json_command):
+        self.logger.logInfo(f"Clear completed: {_family}")
+
+  def banIPv4(self, source):
+    ban_dict = self.get_ban_ip_dict(source, "ip")
+    return self.nft_exec_dict(ban_dict)
+
+  def banIPv6(self, source):
+    ban_dict = self.get_ban_ip_dict(source, "ip6")
+    return self.nft_exec_dict(ban_dict)
+
+  def unbanIPv4(self, source):
+    unban_dict = self.get_unban_ip_dict(source, "ip")
+    if not unban_dict:
+      return False
+    return self.nft_exec_dict(unban_dict)
+
+  def unbanIPv6(self, source):
+    unban_dict = self.get_unban_ip_dict(source, "ip6")
+    if not unban_dict:
+      return False
+    return self.nft_exec_dict(unban_dict)
+
+  def snat4(self, snat_target, source):
+    self.snat_rule("ip", snat_target, source)
+
+  def snat6(self, snat_target, source):
+    self.snat_rule("ip6", snat_target, source)
+
+
+  def nft_exec_dict(self, query: dict):
+    if not query: return False
+
+    rc, output, error = self.nft.json_cmd(query)
+    if rc != 0:
+      #self.logger.logCrit(f"Nftables Error: {error}")
+      return False
+
+    # Prevent returning False or empty string on commands that do not produce output
+    if rc == 0 and len(output) == 0:
+      return True
+
+    return output
+
+  def get_base_dict(self):
+    return {'nftables': [{ 'metainfo': { 'json_schema_version': 1} } ] }
+
+  def search_current_chains(self):
+    nft_chain_priority = {'ip': {'filter': {'input': None, 'forward': None}, 'nat': {'postrouting': None} },
+                      'ip6': {'filter': {'input': None, 'forward': None}, 'nat': {'postrouting': None} } }
+
+    # Command: 'nft list chains'
+    _list = {'list' : {'chains': 'null'} }
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    if kernel_ruleset:
+      for _object in kernel_ruleset['nftables']:
+        chain = _object.get("chain")
+        if not chain: continue
+
+        _family = chain['family']
+        _table = chain['table']
+        _hook = chain.get("hook")
+        _priority = chain.get("prio")
+        _name = chain['name']
+
+        if _family not in self.nft_chain_names: continue
+        if _table not in self.nft_chain_names[_family]: continue
+        if _hook not in self.nft_chain_names[_family][_table]: continue
+        if _priority is None: continue
+
+        _saved_priority = nft_chain_priority[_family][_table][_hook]
+        if _saved_priority is None or _priority < _saved_priority:
+          # at this point, we know the chain has:
+          # hook and priority set
+          # and it has the lowest priority
+          nft_chain_priority[_family][_table][_hook] = _priority
+          self.nft_chain_names[_family][_table][_hook] = _name
+
+  def search_for_chain(self, kernel_ruleset: dict, chain_name: str):
+    found = False
+    for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+      chain = _object.get("chain")
+      if not chain:
+        continue
+      ch_name = chain.get("name")
+      if ch_name == chain_name:
+        found = True
+        break
+    return found
+
+  def get_chain_dict(self, _family: str, _name: str):
+    # nft (add | create) chain [<family>] <table> <name> 
+    _chain_opts = {'family': _family, 'table': 'filter', 'name': _name  }
+    _add = {'add': {'chain': _chain_opts} }
+    final_chain = self.get_base_dict()
+    final_chain["nftables"].append(_add)
+    return final_chain
+
+  def get_mailcow_jump_rule_dict(self, _family: str, _chain: str):
+    _jump_rule = self.get_base_dict()
+    _expr_opt=[]
+    _expr_counter = {'family': _family, 'table': 'filter', 'packets': 0, 'bytes': 0}
+    _counter_dict = {'counter': _expr_counter}
+    _expr_opt.append(_counter_dict)
+
+    _jump_opts = {'jump': {'target': self.chain_name} }
+
+    _expr_opt.append(_jump_opts)
+
+    _rule_params = {'family': _family,
+                    'table': 'filter',
+                    'chain': _chain,
+                    'expr': _expr_opt,
+                    'comment': "mailcow" }
+
+    _add_rule = {'insert': {'rule': _rule_params} }
+
+    _jump_rule["nftables"].append(_add_rule)
+
+    return _jump_rule
+
+  def insert_mailcow_chains(self, _family: str):
+    nft_input_chain = self.nft_chain_names[_family]['filter']['input']
+    nft_forward_chain = self.nft_chain_names[_family]['filter']['forward']
+    # Command: 'nft list table <family> filter'
+    _table_opts = {'family': _family, 'name': 'filter'}
+    _list = {'list': {'table': _table_opts} }
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    if kernel_ruleset:
+      # chain
+      if not self.search_for_chain(kernel_ruleset, self.chain_name):
+        cadena = self.get_chain_dict(_family, self.chain_name)
+        if self.nft_exec_dict(cadena):
+          self.logger.logInfo(f"MAILCOW {_family} chain created successfully.")
+
+      input_jump_found, forward_jump_found = False, False
+
+      for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+        if not _object.get("rule"):
+          continue
+
+        rule = _object["rule"]
+        if nft_input_chain and rule["chain"] == nft_input_chain:
+          if rule.get("comment") and rule["comment"] == "mailcow":
+            input_jump_found = True
+        if nft_forward_chain and rule["chain"] == nft_forward_chain:
+          if rule.get("comment") and rule["comment"] == "mailcow":
+            forward_jump_found = True
+
+      if not input_jump_found:
+        command = self.get_mailcow_jump_rule_dict(_family, nft_input_chain)
+        self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+
+      if not forward_jump_found:
+        command = self.get_mailcow_jump_rule_dict(_family, nft_forward_chain)
+        self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+
+  def delete_nat_rule(self, _family:str, _chain: str, _handle:str):
+    delete_command = self.get_base_dict()
+    _rule_opts = {'family': _family,
+                  'table': 'nat',
+                  'chain': _chain,
+                  'handle': _handle  }
+    _delete = {'delete': {'rule': _rule_opts} }
+    delete_command["nftables"].append(_delete)
+
+    return self.nft_exec_dict(delete_command)
+
+  def snat_rule(self, _family: str, snat_target: str, source_address: str):
+    chain_name = self.nft_chain_names[_family]['nat']['postrouting']
+
+    # no postrouting chain, may occur if docker has ipv6 disabled.
+    if not chain_name: return
+
+    # Command: nft list chain <family> nat <chain_name>
+    _chain_opts = {'family': _family, 'table': 'nat', 'name': chain_name}
+    _list = {'list':{'chain': _chain_opts} }
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    if not kernel_ruleset:
+      return
+
+    rule_position = 0
+    rule_handle = None
+    rule_found = False
+    for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+      if not _object.get("rule"):
+        continue
+
+      rule = _object["rule"]
+      if not rule.get("comment") or not rule["comment"] == "mailcow":
+        rule_position +=1
+        continue
+
+      rule_found = True
+      rule_handle = rule["handle"]
+      break
+
+    dest_net = ipaddress.ip_network(source_address)
+    target_net = ipaddress.ip_network(snat_target)
+
+    if rule_found:
+      saddr_ip = rule["expr"][0]["match"]["right"]["prefix"]["addr"]
+      saddr_len = int(rule["expr"][0]["match"]["right"]["prefix"]["len"])
+
+      daddr_ip = rule["expr"][1]["match"]["right"]["prefix"]["addr"]
+      daddr_len = int(rule["expr"][1]["match"]["right"]["prefix"]["len"])
+
+      target_ip = rule["expr"][3]["snat"]["addr"]
+
+      saddr_net = ipaddress.ip_network(saddr_ip + '/' + str(saddr_len))
+      daddr_net = ipaddress.ip_network(daddr_ip + '/' + str(daddr_len))
+      current_target_net = ipaddress.ip_network(target_ip)
+
+      match = all((
+                dest_net == saddr_net,
+                dest_net == daddr_net,
+                target_net == current_target_net
+              ))
+      try:
+        if rule_position == 0:
+          if not match:
+            # Position 0 , it is a mailcow rule , but it does not have the same parameters
+            if self.delete_nat_rule(_family, chain_name, rule_handle):
+              self.logger.logInfo(f'Remove rule for source network {saddr_net} to SNAT target {target_net} from {_family} nat {chain_name} chain, rule does not match configured parameters')
+        else:
+          # Position > 0 and is mailcow rule
+          if self.delete_nat_rule(_family, chain_name, rule_handle):
+            self.logger.logInfo(f'Remove rule for source network {saddr_net} to SNAT target {target_net} from {_family} nat {chain_name} chain, rule is at position {rule_position}')
+      except:
+          self.logger.logCrit(f"Error running SNAT on {_family}, retrying..." )
+    else:
+      # rule not found
+      json_command = self.get_base_dict()
+      try:
+        snat_dict = {'snat': {'addr': str(target_net.network_address)} }
+
+        expr_counter = {'family': _family, 'table': 'nat', 'packets': 0, 'bytes': 0}
+        counter_dict = {'counter': expr_counter}
+
+        prefix_dict = {'prefix': {'addr': str(dest_net.network_address), 'len': int(dest_net.prefixlen)} }
+        payload_dict = {'payload': {'protocol': _family, 'field': "saddr"} }
+        match_dict1 = {'match': {'op': '==', 'left': payload_dict, 'right': prefix_dict} }
+
+        payload_dict2 = {'payload': {'protocol': _family, 'field': "daddr"} }
+        match_dict2 = {'match': {'op': '!=', 'left': payload_dict2, 'right': prefix_dict } }
+        expr_list = [
+                    match_dict1,
+                    match_dict2,
+                    counter_dict,
+                    snat_dict
+                    ]
+        rule_fields = {'family': _family,
+                        'table': 'nat',
+                        'chain': chain_name,
+                        'comment': "mailcow",
+                        'expr': expr_list }
+
+        insert_dict = {'insert': {'rule': rule_fields} }
+        json_command["nftables"].append(insert_dict)
+        if self.nft_exec_dict(json_command):
+          self.logger.logInfo(f'Added {_family} nat {chain_name} rule for source network {dest_net} to {target_net}')
+      except:
+        self.logger.logCrit(f"Error running SNAT on {_family}, retrying...")
+
+  def get_chain_handle(self, _family: str, _table: str, chain_name: str):
+    chain_handle = None
+    # Command: 'nft list chains {family}'
+    _list = {'list': {'chains': {'family': _family} } }
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    if kernel_ruleset:
+      for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+        if not _object.get("chain"):
+          continue
+        chain = _object["chain"]
+        if chain["family"] == _family and chain["table"] == _table and chain["name"] == chain_name:
+          chain_handle = chain["handle"]
+          break
+    return chain_handle
+
+  def get_rules_handle(self, _family: str, _table: str, chain_name: str):
+    rule_handle = []
+    # Command: 'nft list chain {family} {table} {chain_name}'
+    _chain_opts = {'family': _family, 'table': _table, 'name': chain_name}
+    _list = {'list': {'chain': _chain_opts} }
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    if kernel_ruleset:
+      for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+        if not _object.get("rule"):
+          continue
+
+        rule = _object["rule"]
+        if rule["family"] == _family and rule["table"] == _table and rule["chain"] == chain_name:
+          if rule.get("comment") and rule["comment"] == "mailcow":
+            rule_handle.append(rule["handle"])
+    return rule_handle
+
+  def get_ban_ip_dict(self, ipaddr: str, _family: str):
+    json_command = self.get_base_dict()
+
+    expr_opt = []
+    ipaddr_net = ipaddress.ip_network(ipaddr)
+    right_dict = {'prefix': {'addr': str(ipaddr_net.network_address), 'len': int(ipaddr_net.prefixlen) } }
+
+    left_dict = {'payload': {'protocol': _family, 'field': 'saddr'} }
+    match_dict = {'op': '==', 'left': left_dict, 'right': right_dict }
+    expr_opt.append({'match': match_dict})
+
+    counter_dict = {'counter': {'family': _family, 'table': "filter", 'packets': 0, 'bytes': 0} }
+    expr_opt.append(counter_dict)
+
+    expr_opt.append({'drop': "null"})
+
+    rule_dict = {'family': _family, 'table': "filter", 'chain': self.chain_name, 'expr': expr_opt}
+
+    base_dict = {'insert': {'rule': rule_dict} }
+    json_command["nftables"].append(base_dict)
+
+    return json_command
+
+  def get_unban_ip_dict(self, ipaddr:str, _family: str):
+    json_command = self.get_base_dict()
+    # Command: 'nft list chain {s_family} filter  MAILCOW'
+    _chain_opts = {'family': _family, 'table': 'filter', 'name': self.chain_name}
+    _list = {'list': {'chain': _chain_opts} }
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    rule_handle = None
+    if kernel_ruleset:
+      for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+        if not _object.get("rule"):
+          continue
+
+        rule = _object["rule"]["expr"][0]["match"]
+        left_opt = rule["left"]["payload"]
+        if not left_opt["protocol"] == _family:
+          continue
+        if not left_opt["field"] =="saddr":
+          continue
+
+        # ip currently banned
+        rule_right = rule["right"]
+        if isinstance(rule_right, dict):
+          current_rule_ip = rule_right["prefix"]["addr"] + '/' + str(rule_right["prefix"]["len"])
+        else:
+          current_rule_ip = rule_right
+        current_rule_net = ipaddress.ip_network(current_rule_ip)
+
+        # ip to ban
+        candidate_net = ipaddress.ip_network(ipaddr)
+
+        if current_rule_net == candidate_net:
+          rule_handle = _object["rule"]["handle"]
+          break
+
+      if rule_handle is not None:
+        mailcow_rule = {'family': _family, 'table': 'filter', 'chain': self.chain_name, 'handle': rule_handle}
+        delete_rule = {'delete': {'rule': mailcow_rule} }
+        json_command["nftables"].append(delete_rule)
+      else:
+        return False
+
+    return json_command
+
+  def check_mailcow_chains(self, family: str, chain: str):
+    position = 0
+    rule_found = False
+    chain_name = self.nft_chain_names[family]['filter'][chain]
+
+    if not chain_name: return None
+
+    _chain_opts = {'family': family, 'table': 'filter', 'name': chain_name}
+    _list = {'list': {'chain': _chain_opts}}
+    command = self.get_base_dict()
+    command['nftables'].append(_list)
+    kernel_ruleset = self.nft_exec_dict(command)
+    if kernel_ruleset:
+      for _object in kernel_ruleset["nftables"]:
+        if not _object.get("rule"):
+          continue
+        rule = _object["rule"]
+        if rule.get("comment") and rule["comment"] == "mailcow":
+          rule_found = True
+          break
+
+        position+=1
+
+    return position if rule_found else False
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/init.py
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/netfilter/modules/init.py
--- a/data/Dockerfiles/watchdog/watchdog.sh
+++ b/data/Dockerfiles/watchdog/watchdog.sh
@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ fi

 if [[ "${WATCHDOG_VERBOSE}" =~ ^([yY][eE][sS]|[yY])+$ ]]; then
  SMTP_VERBOSE="--verbose"
+  CURL_VERBOSE="--verbose"
  set -xv
 else
  SMTP_VERBOSE=""
+  CURL_VERBOSE=""
  exec 2>/dev/null
 fi

@ -97,7 +99,9 @@ log_msg() {
  echo $(date) $(printf '%s\n' "${1}")
 }

-function mail_error() {
+function notify_error() {
+  # Check if one of the notification options is enabled
+  [[ -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && [[ -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK} ]] && return 0
  THROTTLE=
  [[ -z ${1} ]] && return 1
  # If exists, body will be the content of "/tmp/${1}", even if ${2} is set
@ -122,37 +126,57 @@ function mail_error() {
  else
    SUBJECT="${WATCHDOG_SUBJECT}: ${1}"
  fi
-  IFS=',' read -r -a MAIL_RCPTS <<< "${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL}"
-  for rcpt in "${MAIL_RCPTS[@]}"; do
-    RCPT_DOMAIN=
-    RCPT_MX=
-    RCPT_DOMAIN=$(echo ${rcpt} | awk -F @ {'print $NF'})
-    CHECK_FOR_VALID_MX=$(dig +short ${RCPT_DOMAIN} mx)
-    if [[ -z ${CHECK_FOR_VALID_MX} ]]; then
-      log_msg "Cannot determine MX for ${rcpt}, skipping email notification..."
+
+  # Send mail notification if enabled
+  if [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]]; then
+    IFS=',' read -r -a MAIL_RCPTS <<< "${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL}"
+    for rcpt in "${MAIL_RCPTS[@]}"; do
+      RCPT_DOMAIN=
+      RCPT_MX=
+      RCPT_DOMAIN=$(echo ${rcpt} | awk -F @ {'print $NF'})
+      CHECK_FOR_VALID_MX=$(dig +short ${RCPT_DOMAIN} mx)
+      if [[ -z ${CHECK_FOR_VALID_MX} ]]; then
+        log_msg "Cannot determine MX for ${rcpt}, skipping email notification..."
+        return 1
+      fi
+      [ -f "/tmp/${1}" ] && BODY="/tmp/${1}"
+      timeout 10s ./smtp-cli --missing-modules-ok \
+        "${SMTP_VERBOSE}" \
+        --charset=UTF-8 \
+        --subject="${SUBJECT}" \
+        --body-plain="${BODY}" \
+        --add-header="X-Priority: 1" \
+        --to=${rcpt} \
+        --from="watchdog@${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}" \
+        --hello-host=${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME} \
+        --ipv4
+      if [[ $? -eq 1 ]]; then # exit code 1 is fine
+        log_msg "Sent notification email to ${rcpt}"
+      else
+        if [[ "${SMTP_VERBOSE}" == "" ]]; then
+          log_msg "Error while sending notification email to ${rcpt}. You can enable verbose logging by setting 'WATCHDOG_VERBOSE=y' in mailcow.conf."
+        else
+          log_msg "Error while sending notification email to ${rcpt}."
+        fi
+      fi
+    done
+  fi
+
+  # Send webhook notification if enabled
+  if [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK} ]]; then
+    if [[ -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY} ]]; then
+      log_msg "No webhook body set, skipping webhook notification..."
      return 1
    fi
-    [ -f "/tmp/${1}" ] && BODY="/tmp/${1}"
-    timeout 10s ./smtp-cli --missing-modules-ok \
-      "${SMTP_VERBOSE}" \
-      --charset=UTF-8 \
-      --subject="${SUBJECT}" \
-      --body-plain="${BODY}" \
-      --add-header="X-Priority: 1" \
-      --to=${rcpt} \
-      --from="watchdog@${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}" \
-      --hello-host=${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME} \
-      --ipv4
-    if [[ $? -eq 1 ]]; then # exit code 1 is fine
-      log_msg "Sent notification email to ${rcpt}"
-    else
-      if [[ "${SMTP_VERBOSE}" == "" ]]; then
-        log_msg "Error while sending notification email to ${rcpt}. You can enable verbose logging by setting 'WATCHDOG_VERBOSE=y' in mailcow.conf."
-      else
-        log_msg "Error while sending notification email to ${rcpt}."
-      fi
-    fi
-  done
+
+    # Replace subject and body placeholders
+    WEBHOOK_BODY=$(echo ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY} | sed "s|\$SUBJECT\|\${SUBJECT}|$SUBJECT|g" | sed "s|\$BODY\|\${BODY}|$BODY|")
+    
+    # POST to webhook
+    curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" ${CURL_VERBOSE} -d "${WEBHOOK_BODY}" ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK}
+
+    log_msg "Sent notification using webhook"
+  fi
 }

 get_container_ip() {
@ -197,7 +221,7 @@ get_container_ip() {
 # One-time check
 if grep -qi "$(echo ${IPV6_NETWORK} | cut -d: -f1-3)" <<< "$(ip a s)"; then
  if [[ -z "$(get_ipv6)" ]]; then
-    mail_error "ipv6-config" "enable_ipv6 is true in docker-compose.yml, but an IPv6 link could not be established. Please verify your IPv6 connection."
+    notify_error "ipv6-config" "enable_ipv6 is true in docker-compose.yml, but an IPv6 link could not be established. Please verify your IPv6 connection."
  fi
 fi

@ -746,8 +770,8 @@ olefy_checks() {
 }

 # Notify about start
-if [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]]; then
-  mail_error "watchdog-mailcow" "Watchdog started monitoring mailcow."
+if [[ ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START} =~ ^([yY][eE][sS]|[yY])+$ ]]; then
+  notify_error "watchdog-mailcow" "Watchdog started monitoring mailcow."
 fi

 # Create watchdog agents
@ -1029,33 +1053,33 @@ while true; do
  fi
  if [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "ratelimit" ]]; then
    log_msg "At least one ratelimit was applied"
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}"
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}"
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "mail_queue_status" ]]; then
    log_msg "Mail queue status is critical"
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}"
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}"
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "external_checks" ]]; then
    log_msg "Your mailcow is an open relay!"
    # Define $2 to override message text, else print service was restarted at ...
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please stop mailcow now and check your network configuration!"
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please stop mailcow now and check your network configuration!"
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "mysql_repl_checks" ]]; then
    log_msg "MySQL replication is not working properly"
    # Define $2 to override message text, else print service was restarted at ...
    # Once mail per 10 minutes
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please check the SQL replication status" 600
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please check the SQL replication status" 600
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "dovecot_repl_checks" ]]; then
    log_msg "Dovecot replication is not working properly"
    # Define $2 to override message text, else print service was restarted at ...
    # Once mail per 10 minutes
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please check the Dovecot replicator status" 600
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please check the Dovecot replicator status" 600
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "certcheck" ]]; then
    log_msg "Certificates are about to expire"
    # Define $2 to override message text, else print service was restarted at ...
    # Only mail once a day
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please renew your certificate" 86400
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please renew your certificate" 86400
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "acme-mailcow" ]]; then
    log_msg "acme-mailcow did not complete successfully"
    # Define $2 to override message text, else print service was restarted at ...
-    [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please check acme-mailcow for further information."
+    notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "Please check acme-mailcow for further information."
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} == "fail2ban" ]]; then
    F2B_RES=($(timeout 4s ${REDIS_CMDLINE} --raw GET F2B_RES 2> /dev/null))
    if [[ ! -z "${F2B_RES}" ]]; then
@ -1065,7 +1089,7 @@ while true; do
        log_msg "Banned ${host}"
        rm /tmp/fail2ban 2> /dev/null
        timeout 2s whois "${host}" > /tmp/fail2ban
-        [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && [[ ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN} =~ ^([yY][eE][sS]|[yY])+$ ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "IP ban: ${host}"
+        [[ ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN} =~ ^([yY][eE][sS]|[yY])+$ ]] && notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}" "IP ban: ${host}"
      done
    fi
  elif [[ ${com_pipe_answer} =~ .+-mailcow ]]; then
@ -1085,7 +1109,7 @@ while true; do
      else
        log_msg "Sending restart command to ${CONTAINER_ID}..."
        curl --silent --insecure -XPOST https://dockerapi/containers/${CONTAINER_ID}/restart
-        [[ ! -z ${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL} ]] && mail_error "${com_pipe_answer}"
+        notify_error "${com_pipe_answer}"
        log_msg "Wait for restarted container to settle and continue watching..."
        sleep 35
      fi
@ -1095,3 +1119,4 @@ while true; do
    kill -USR1 ${BACKGROUND_TASKS[*]}
  fi
 done
+
--- a/data/web/admin.php
+++ b/data/web/admin.php
@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ $cors_settings = cors('get');
 $cors_settings['allowed_origins'] = str_replace(", ", "\n", $cors_settings['allowed_origins']);
 $cors_settings['allowed_methods'] = explode(", ", $cors_settings['allowed_methods']);

+$f2b_data = fail2ban('get');
+
 $template = 'admin.twig';
 $template_data = [
  'tfa_data' => $tfa_data,
@ -101,7 +103,8 @@ $template_data = [
  'domains' => $domains,
  'all_domains' => $all_domains,
  'mailboxes' => $mailboxes,
-  'f2b_data' => fail2ban('get'),
+  'f2b_data' => $f2b_data,
+  'f2b_banlist_url' => getBaseUrl() . "/api/v1/get/fail2ban/banlist/" . $f2b_data['banlist_id'],
  'q_data' => quarantine('settings'),
  'qn_data' => quota_notification('get'),
  'rsettings_map' => file_get_contents('http://nginx:8081/settings.php'),
@ -113,6 +116,7 @@ $template_data = [
  'password_complexity' => password_complexity('get'),
  'show_rspamd_global_filters' => @$_SESSION['show_rspamd_global_filters'],
  'cors_settings' => $cors_settings,
+  'is_https' => isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] === 'on',
  'lang_admin' => json_encode($lang['admin']),
  'lang_datatables' => json_encode($lang['datatables'])
 ];
--- a/data/web/inc/functions.fail2ban.inc.php
+++ b/data/web/inc/functions.fail2ban.inc.php
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <?php
-function fail2ban($_action, $_data = null) {
+function fail2ban($_action, $_data = null, $_extra = null) {
  global $redis;
  $_data_log = $_data;
  switch ($_action) {
@ -247,6 +247,7 @@ function fail2ban($_action, $_data = null) {
        $netban_ipv6 = intval((isset($_data['netban_ipv6'])) ? $_data['netban_ipv6'] : $is_now['netban_ipv6']);
        $wl = (isset($_data['whitelist'])) ? $_data['whitelist'] : $is_now['whitelist'];
        $bl = (isset($_data['blacklist'])) ? $_data['blacklist'] : $is_now['blacklist'];
+        $manage_external = (isset($_data['manage_external'])) ? intval($_data['manage_external']) : 0;
      }
      else {
        $_SESSION['return'][] = array(
@ -266,6 +267,8 @@ function fail2ban($_action, $_data = null) {
      $f2b_options['netban_ipv6'] = ($netban_ipv6 > 128) ? 128 : $netban_ipv6;
      $f2b_options['max_attempts'] = ($max_attempts < 1) ? 1 : $max_attempts;
      $f2b_options['retry_window'] = ($retry_window < 1) ? 1 : $retry_window;
+      $f2b_options['banlist_id'] = $is_now['banlist_id'];
+      $f2b_options['manage_external'] = ($manage_external > 0) ? 1 : 0;
      try {
        $redis->Set('F2B_OPTIONS', json_encode($f2b_options));
        $redis->Del('F2B_WHITELIST');
@ -329,5 +332,71 @@ function fail2ban($_action, $_data = null) {
        'msg' => 'f2b_modified'
      );
    break;
+    case 'banlist':
+      try {
+        $f2b_options = json_decode($redis->Get('F2B_OPTIONS'), true);
+      } 
+      catch (RedisException $e) {
+        $_SESSION['return'][] = array(
+          'type' => 'danger',
+          'log' => array(__FUNCTION__, $_action, $_data_log, $_extra),
+          'msg' => array('redis_error', $e)
+        );
+        http_response_code(500);
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (is_array($_extra)) {
+        $_extra = $_extra[0];
+      }
+      if ($_extra != $f2b_options['banlist_id']){
+        http_response_code(404);
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      switch ($_data) {
+        case 'get':
+          try {
+            $bl = $redis->hKeys('F2B_BLACKLIST');
+            $active_bans = $redis->hKeys('F2B_ACTIVE_BANS');
+          } 
+          catch (RedisException $e) {
+            $_SESSION['return'][] = array(
+              'type' => 'danger',
+              'log' => array(__FUNCTION__, $_action, $_data_log, $_extra),
+              'msg' => array('redis_error', $e)
+            );
+            http_response_code(500);
+            return false;
+          }
+          $banlist = implode("\n", array_merge($bl, $active_bans));
+          return $banlist;
+        break;
+        case 'refresh':
+          if ($_SESSION['mailcow_cc_role'] != "admin") {
+            return false;
+          }
+
+          $f2b_options['banlist_id'] = uuid4();
+          try {
+            $redis->Set('F2B_OPTIONS', json_encode($f2b_options));
+          } 
+          catch (RedisException $e) {
+            $_SESSION['return'][] = array(
+              'type' => 'danger',
+              'log' => array(__FUNCTION__, $_action, $_data_log, $_extra),
+              'msg' => array('redis_error', $e)
+            );
+            return false;
+          }
+
+          $_SESSION['return'][] = array(
+            'type' => 'success',
+            'log' => array(__FUNCTION__, $_action, $_data_log, $_extra),
+            'msg' => 'f2b_banlist_refreshed'
+          );
+          return true;
+        break;
+      }
+    break;
  }
 }
--- a/data/web/inc/functions.inc.php
+++ b/data/web/inc/functions.inc.php
@ -2246,6 +2246,21 @@ function cors($action, $data = null) {
    break;
  }
 }
+function getBaseURL() {
+  $protocol = isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] === 'on' ? 'https' : 'http';
+  $host = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
+  $base_url = $protocol . '://' . $host;
+
+  return $base_url;
+}
+function uuid4() {
+  $data = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
+
+  $data[6] = chr(ord($data[6]) & 0x0f | 0x40);
+  $data[8] = chr(ord($data[8]) & 0x3f | 0x80);
+
+  return vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex($data), 4));
+}

 function get_logs($application, $lines = false) {
  if ($lines === false) {
--- a/data/web/inc/prerequisites.inc.php
+++ b/data/web/inc/prerequisites.inc.php
@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ try {
  }
 }
 catch (Exception $e) {
+// Stop when redis is not available
+http_response_code(500);
 ?>
 <center style='font-family:sans-serif;'>Connection to Redis failed.<br /><br />The following error was reported:<br/><?=$e->getMessage();?></center>
 <?php
@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ try {
 }
 catch (PDOException $e) {
 // Stop when SQL connection fails
+http_response_code(500);
 ?>
 <center style='font-family:sans-serif;'>Connection to database failed.<br /><br />The following error was reported:<br/>  <?=$e->getMessage();?></center>
 <?php
@ -105,6 +108,7 @@ exit;
 }
 // Stop when dockerapi is not available
 if (fsockopen("tcp://dockerapi", 443, $errno, $errstr) === false) {
+  http_response_code(500);
 ?>
 <center style='font-family:sans-serif;'>Connection to dockerapi container failed.<br /><br />The following error was reported:<br/><?=$errno;?> - <?=$errstr;?></center>
 <?php
--- a/data/web/js/build/013-mailcow.js
+++ b/data/web/js/build/013-mailcow.js
@ -391,3 +391,11 @@ function addTag(tagAddElem, tag = null){
  $(tagValuesElem).val(JSON.stringify(value_tags));
  $(tagInputElem).val('');
 }
+function copyToClipboard(id) {
+  var copyText = document.getElementById(id);
+  copyText.select();
+  copyText.setSelectionRange(0, 99999);
+  // only works with https connections
+  navigator.clipboard.writeText(copyText.value);
+  mailcow_alert_box(lang.copy_to_clipboard, "success");
+}
--- a/data/web/js/site/qhandler.js
+++ b/data/web/js/site/qhandler.js
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jQuery(function($){
          if (value.score > 0) highlightClass = 'negative';
          else if (value.score < 0) highlightClass = 'positive';
          else highlightClass = 'neutral';
-          $('#qid_detail_symbols').append('<span data-bs-toggle="tooltip" class="rspamd-symbol ' + highlightClass + '" title="' + (value.options ? value.options.join(', ') : '') + '">' + value.name + ' (<span class="score">' + value.score + '</span>)</span>');
+          $('#qid_detail_symbols').append('<span data-bs-toggle="tooltip" class="rspamd-symbol ' + highlightClass + '" title="' + (value.options ? escapeHtml(value.options.join(', ')) : '') + '">' + value.name + ' (<span class="score">' + value.score + '</span>)</span>');
        });
        $('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip();
      }
--- a/data/web/json_api.php
+++ b/data/web/json_api.php
@ -503,6 +503,16 @@ if (isset($_GET['query'])) {
          print(json_encode($getArgs));
          $_SESSION['challenge'] = $WebAuthn->getChallenge();
          return;
+        break;          
+        case "fail2ban":
+          if (!isset($_SESSION['mailcow_cc_role'])){
+            switch ($object) {
+              case 'banlist':
+                header('Content-Type: text/plain');
+                echo fail2ban('banlist', 'get', $extra);
+              break;
+            }
+          }
        break;
      }
      if (isset($_SESSION['mailcow_cc_role'])) {
@ -1324,6 +1334,10 @@ if (isset($_GET['query'])) {
          break;
          case "fail2ban":
            switch ($object) {
+              case 'banlist':
+                header('Content-Type: text/plain');
+                echo fail2ban('banlist', 'get', $extra);
+              break;
              default:
                $data = fail2ban('get');
                process_get_return($data);
@ -1943,7 +1957,14 @@ if (isset($_GET['query'])) {
          process_edit_return(fwdhost('edit', array_merge(array('fwdhost' => $items), $attr)));
        break;
        case "fail2ban":
-          process_edit_return(fail2ban('edit', array_merge(array('network' => $items), $attr)));
+          switch ($object) {
+            case 'banlist':
+              process_edit_return(fail2ban('banlist', 'refresh', $items));
+            break;
+            default:
+              process_edit_return(fail2ban('edit', array_merge(array('network' => $items), $attr)));
+            break;
+          }
        break;
        case "ui_texts":
          process_edit_return(customize('edit', 'ui_texts', $attr));
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.cs-cz.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.cs-cz.json
@ -107,7 +107,8 @@
        "username": "Uživatelské jméno",
        "validate": "Ověřit",
        "validation_success": "Úspěšně ověřeno",
-        "tags": "Štítky"
+        "tags": "Štítky",
+        "dry": "Simulovat synchronizaci"
    },
    "admin": {
        "access": "Přístupy",
@ -218,7 +219,7 @@
        "loading": "Prosím čekejte...",
        "login_time": "Čas přihlášení",
        "logo_info": "Obrázek bude zmenšen na výšku 40 pixelů pro horní navigační lištu a na max. šířku 250 pixelů pro úvodní stránku.",
-        "lookup_mx": "Ověřit cíl proti MX záznamu (.outlook.com bude směrovat všechnu poštu pro MX *.outlook.com přes tento uzel)",
+        "lookup_mx": "Cíl je regulární výraz, který se porovná s názvem MX (<code>.*\\.google\\.com</code> pro směrování veškeré pošty cílené na MX, který končí na google.com přes tento skok)",
        "main_name": "Název webu (\"mailcow UI\")",
        "merged_vars_hint": "Šedé řádky byly přidány z <code>vars.(local.)inc.php</code> a zde je nelze upravit.",
        "message": "Zpráva",
@ -343,7 +344,9 @@
        "verify": "Ověřit",
        "yes": "&#10003;",
        "f2b_ban_time_increment": "Délka banu je prodlužována s každým dalším banem",
-        "f2b_max_ban_time": "Maximální délka banu (s)"
+        "f2b_max_ban_time": "Maximální délka banu (s)",
+        "cors_settings": "Nastavení CORS",
+        "queue_unban": "zrušit ban"
    },
    "danger": {
        "access_denied": "Přístup odepřen nebo jsou neplatná data ve formuláři",
@ -465,7 +468,14 @@
        "username_invalid": "Uživatelské jméno %s nelze použít",
        "validity_missing": "Zdejte dobu platnosti",
        "value_missing": "Prosím, uveďte všechny hodnoty",
-        "yotp_verification_failed": "Yubico OTP ověření selhalo: %s"
+        "yotp_verification_failed": "Yubico OTP ověření selhalo: %s",
+        "webauthn_authenticator_failed": "Zvolený ověřovací prostředek nebyl nalezen",
+        "cors_invalid_method": "Zadaná neplatná metoda Allow-Method",
+        "cors_invalid_origin": "Zadán neplatný Allow-Origin",
+        "webauthn_publickey_failed": "Pro vybraný ověřovací prostředek nebyl uložen žádný veřejný klíč",
+        "webauthn_username_failed": "Zvolený ověřovací prostředek patří k jinému účtu",
+        "extended_sender_acl_denied": "chybějící ACL pro nastavení externích adres odesílatele",
+        "demo_mode_enabled": "Demo režim je zapnutý"
    },
    "datatables": {
        "emptyTable": "Tabulka neobsahuje žádná data",
@ -488,7 +498,9 @@
        "processing": "Zpracovávání...",
        "search": "Vyhledávání:",
        "decimal": ",",
-        "thousands": " "
+        "thousands": " ",
+        "collapse_all": "Sbalit vše",
+        "expand_all": "Rozbalit vše"
    },
    "debug": {
        "chart_this_server": "Graf (tento server)",
@ -515,7 +527,20 @@
        "success": "Úspěch",
        "system_containers": "Systém a kontejnery",
        "uptime": "Doba běhu",
-        "username": "Uživatelské meno"
+        "username": "Uživatelské meno",
+        "architecture": "Architektura",
+        "error_show_ip": "Nepodařilo se přeložit veřejné IP adresy",
+        "show_ip": "Zobrazit veřejné IP adresy",
+        "container_running": "Běží",
+        "container_stopped": "Zastaven",
+        "current_time": "Systémový čas",
+        "timezone": "Časové pásmo",
+        "update_available": "K dispozici je aktualizace",
+        "no_update_available": "Systém je na nejnovější verzi",
+        "update_failed": "Nepodařilo se zkontrolovat aktualizace",
+        "wip": "Nedokončená vývojová verze",
+        "memory": "Paměť",
+        "container_disabled": "Kontejner je zastaven nebo zakázán"
    },
    "diagnostics": {
        "cname_from_a": "Hodnota odvozena z A/AAAA záznamu. Lze použít, pokud záznam ukazuje na správný zdroj.",
@ -640,7 +665,19 @@
        "title": "Úprava objektu",
        "unchanged_if_empty": "Pokud se nemění, ponechte prázdné",
        "username": "Uživatelské jméno",
-        "validate_save": "Ověřit a uložit"
+        "validate_save": "Ověřit a uložit",
+        "domain_footer_info": "Patičky pro celou doménu se přidávají ke všem odchozím e-mailům spojeným s adresou v rámci této domény. <br> Pro patičku lze použít následující proměnné:",
+        "domain_footer_info_vars": {
+            "from_name": "{= from_name =}   - Jméno odesílatele, např. pro \"Mailcow &lt;moo@mailcow.tld&gt;\" vrátí \"Mailcow\"",
+            "auth_user": "{= auth_user =} - Ověřené uživatelské jméno zadané MTA",
+            "from_user": "{= from_user =}    - uživatelská část odesílatele, např. pro \"moo@mailcow.tld\" vrátí \"moo\"",
+            "from_domain": "{= from_domain =} - Doména odesílatele",
+            "from_addr": "{= from_addr =} - E-mailová adresa odesílatele"
+        },
+        "domain_footer": "Patička pro celou doménu",
+        "domain_footer_html": "HTML text",
+        "domain_footer_plain": "Prostý text",
+        "pushover_sound": "Zvukové upozornění"
    },
    "fido2": {
        "confirm": "Potvrdit",
@ -870,7 +907,8 @@
        "username": "Uživatelské jméno",
        "waiting": "Čekání",
        "weekly": "Každý týden",
-        "yes": "&#10003;"
+        "yes": "&#10003;",
+        "relay_unknown": "Předávání neexistujících schránek"
    },
    "oauth2": {
        "access_denied": "K udělení přístupu se přihlašte jako vlastník mailové schránky.",
@ -935,7 +973,19 @@
        "type": "Typ"
    },
    "queue": {
-        "queue_manager": "Správce fronty"
+        "queue_manager": "Správce fronty",
+        "delete": "Vymazat vše",
+        "info": "Poštovní fronta obsahuje všechny e-maily, které čekají na doručení. Pokud e-mail uvízne v poštovní frontě na delší dobu, systém jej automaticky odstraní.<br>Chybové hlášení příslušného e-mailu poskytuje informace o tom, proč se e-mail nepodařilo doručit.",
+        "flush": "Vyprázdnit frontu",
+        "legend": "Funkce operací poštovní fronty:",
+        "ays": "Potvrďte, že chcete opravdu odstranit všechny položky z aktuální fronty.",
+        "deliver_mail": "Doručit",
+        "deliver_mail_legend": "Opětovný pokus o doručení vybraných e-mailů.",
+        "hold_mail": "Podržet",
+        "hold_mail_legend": "Podrží vybrané e-maily. (Zabrání dalším pokusům o doručení)",
+        "show_message": "Zobrazit zprávu",
+        "unhold_mail": "Uvolnit",
+        "unhold_mail_legend": "Uvolnit vybrané e-maily k doručení. (Pouze v případě předchozího podržení)"
    },
    "ratelimit": {
        "disabled": "Vypnuto",
@ -1029,7 +1079,9 @@
        "verified_fido2_login": "Ověřené FIDO2 přihlášení",
        "verified_totp_login": "TOTP přihlášení ověřeno",
        "verified_webauthn_login": "WebAuthn přihlášení ověřeno",
-        "verified_yotp_login": "Yubico OTP přihlášení ověřeno"
+        "verified_yotp_login": "Yubico OTP přihlášení ověřeno",
+        "cors_headers_edited": "Nastavení CORS byla uložena",
+        "domain_footer_modified": "Změny patičky domény %s byly uloženy"
    },
    "tfa": {
        "api_register": "%s používá Yubico Cloud API. Prosím získejte API klíč pro své Yubico <a href=\"https://upgrade.yubico.com/getapikey/\" target=\"_blank\">ZDE</a>",
@ -1215,7 +1267,8 @@
        "weeks": "týdny",
        "with_app_password": "s heslem aplikace",
        "year": "rok",
-        "years": "let"
+        "years": "let",
+        "pushover_sound": "Zvukové upozornění"
    },
    "warning": {
        "cannot_delete_self": "Nelze smazat právě přihlášeného uživatele",
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.de-de.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.de-de.json
@ -148,6 +148,7 @@
        "change_logo": "Logo ändern",
        "configuration": "Konfiguration",
        "convert_html_to_text": "Konvertiere HTML zu reinem Text",
+        "copy_to_clipboard": "Text wurde in die Zwischenablage kopiert!",
        "cors_settings": "CORS Einstellungen",
        "credentials_transport_warning": "<b>Warnung</b>: Das Hinzufügen einer neuen Regel bewirkt die Aktualisierung der Authentifizierungsdaten aller vorhandenen Einträge mit identischem Next Hop.",
        "customer_id": "Kunde",
@ -181,6 +182,8 @@
        "f2b_blacklist": "Blacklist für Netzwerke und Hosts",
        "f2b_filter": "Regex-Filter",
        "f2b_list_info": "Ein Host oder Netzwerk auf der Blacklist wird immer eine Whitelist-Einheit überwiegen. <b>Die Aktualisierung der Liste dauert einige Sekunden.</b>",
+        "f2b_manage_external": "Fail2Ban extern verwalten",
+        "f2b_manage_external_info": "Fail2ban wird die Banlist weiterhin pflegen, jedoch werden keine aktiven Regeln zum blockieren gesetzt. Die unten generierte Banlist, kann verwendet werden, um den Datenverkehr extern zu blockieren.",
        "f2b_max_attempts": "Max. Versuche",
        "f2b_max_ban_time": "Maximale Bannzeit in Sekunden",
        "f2b_netban_ipv4": "Netzbereich für IPv4-Banns (8-32)",
@ -346,7 +349,9 @@
        "oauth2_apps": "OAuth2 Apps",
        "queue_unban": "entsperren",
        "allowed_methods": "Access-Control-Allow-Methods",
-        "allowed_origins": "Access-Control-Allow-Origin"
+        "allowed_origins": "Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
+        "logo_dark_label": "Invertiert für den Darkmode",
+        "logo_normal_label": "Normal"
    },
    "danger": {
        "access_denied": "Zugriff verweigert oder unvollständige/ungültige Daten",
@ -675,7 +680,11 @@
        "unchanged_if_empty": "Unverändert, wenn leer",
        "username": "Benutzername",
        "validate_save": "Validieren und speichern",
-        "pushover_sound": "Ton"
+        "pushover_sound": "Ton",
+        "domain_footer_info_vars": {
+            "auth_user": "{= auth_user =}   - Angemeldeter Benutzername vom MTA",
+            "from_user": "{= from_user =}   - Von Teil des Benutzers z.B. \"moo@mailcow.tld\" wird \"moo\" zurückgeben."
+        }
    },
    "fido2": {
        "confirm": "Bestätigen",
@ -1029,6 +1038,7 @@
        "domain_removed": "Domain %s wurde entfernt",
        "dovecot_restart_success": "Dovecot wurde erfolgreich neu gestartet",
        "eas_reset": "ActiveSync Gerät des Benutzers %s wurde zurückgesetzt",
+        "f2b_banlist_refreshed": "Banlist ID wurde erfolgreich erneuert.",
        "f2b_modified": "Änderungen an Fail2ban-Parametern wurden gespeichert",
        "forwarding_host_added": "Weiterleitungs-Host %s wurde hinzugefügt",
        "forwarding_host_removed": "Weiterleitungs-Host %s wurde entfernt",
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.en-gb.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.en-gb.json
@ -154,6 +154,7 @@
        "logo_dark_label": "Inverted for dark mode",
        "configuration": "Configuration",
        "convert_html_to_text": "Convert HTML to plain text",
+        "copy_to_clipboard": "Text copied to clipboard!",
        "cors_settings": "CORS Settings",
        "credentials_transport_warning": "<b>Warning</b>: Adding a new transport map entry will update the credentials for all entries with a matching next hop column.",
        "customer_id": "Customer ID",
@ -187,6 +188,8 @@
        "f2b_blacklist": "Blacklisted networks/hosts",
        "f2b_filter": "Regex filters",
        "f2b_list_info": "A blacklisted host or network will always outweigh a whitelist entity. <b>List updates will take a few seconds to be applied.</b>",
+        "f2b_manage_external": "Manage Fail2Ban externally",
+        "f2b_manage_external_info": "Fail2ban will still maintain the banlist, but it will not actively set rules to block traffic. Use the generated banlist below to externally block the traffic.",
        "f2b_max_attempts": "Max. attempts",
        "f2b_max_ban_time": "Max. ban time (s)",
        "f2b_netban_ipv4": "IPv4 subnet size to apply ban on (8-32)",
@ -1046,6 +1049,7 @@
        "domain_removed": "Domain %s has been removed",
        "dovecot_restart_success": "Dovecot was restarted successfully",
        "eas_reset": "ActiveSync devices for user %s were reset",
+        "f2b_banlist_refreshed": "Banlist ID has been successfully refreshed.",
        "f2b_modified": "Changes to Fail2ban parameters have been saved",
        "forwarding_host_added": "Forwarding host %s has been added",
        "forwarding_host_removed": "Forwarding host %s has been removed",
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.pt-br.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.pt-br.json
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
        "add_domain_only": "Adicionar somente domínio",
        "add_domain_restart": "Adicionar domínio e reiniciar o SoGo",
        "alias_address": "Endereço (s) de alias",
-        "alias_address_info": "<small>Endereço de e-mail completo/es ou @example .com, para capturar todas as mensagens de um domínio (separadas por vírgula). somente <b>domínios mailcow</b></small>.",
+        "alias_address_info": "<small>Endereço/s de e-mail completo ou @example .com, para capturar todas as mensagens de um domínio (separadas por vírgula). <b> somente  domínios mailcow</b>.</small>",
        "alias_domain": "Domínio de alias",
        "alias_domain_info": "<small>Somente nomes de domínio válidos (separados por vírgula).</small>",
        "app_name": "Nome do aplicativo",
@ -216,10 +216,10 @@
        "includes": "Inclua esses destinatários",
        "ip_check": "Verificação de IP",
        "ip_check_disabled": "A verificação de IP está desativada. Você pode ativá-lo em <br><strong>Sistema > Configuração > Opções > Personalizar</strong>",
-        "ip_check_opt_in": "<strong>Opte por usar o serviço de terceiros <strong>ipv4.mailcow.email e ipv6.mailcow.email</strong> para resolver endereços IP externos.</strong>",
+        "ip_check_opt_in": "Opte por usar o serviço de terceiros <strong>ipv4.mailcow.email.</strong> e <strong>ipv6.mailcow.email</strong> para resolver endereços IP externos.",
        "is_mx_based": "Baseado em MX",
        "last_applied": "Aplicado pela última vez",
-        "license_info": "Uma licença não é necessária, mas ajuda no desenvolvimento futuro. <br><a href=\"https://www.servercow.de/mailcow?lang=en#sal\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"SAL order\">Registre seu GUID aqui</a> ou <a href=\"https://www.servercow.de/mailcow?lang=en#support\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"Support order\">compre suporte para a instalação do mailcow</a>.",
+        "license_info": "Uma licença não é necessária, mas ajuda no desenvolvimento.<br><a href=\"https://www.servercow.de/mailcow? Lang=en#sal\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"SAL order\">Registre seu GUID aqui</a> ou <a href=\"https://www.servercow.de/mailcow? Lang=en#support\" target=\"_blank\" alt=\"Support order\">comprar suporte para sua instalação de mailcow.</a>",
        "link": "Link",
        "loading": "Por favor, espere...",
        "login_time": "Hora do login",
@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
        "oauth2_add_client": "Adicionar cliente OAuth2",
        "oauth2_client_id": "ID do cliente",
        "oauth2_client_secret": "Segredo do cliente",
-        "oauth2_info": "A implementação do OAuth2 suporta o tipo de concessão “Código de Autorização” e emite tokens de atualização. <br>\r\nO servidor também emite automaticamente novos tokens de atualização, após o uso de um token de atualização. <br><br>\r\n• O escopo padrão é <i>perfil</i>. Somente usuários de caixas de correio podem ser autenticados no OAuth2. <i>Se o parâmetro do escopo for omitido, ele retornará ao perfil.</i> <br>\r\n• O parâmetro <i>state</i> deve ser enviado pelo cliente como parte da solicitação de autorização. <br><br>\r\nCaminhos para solicitações para a API OAuth2: <br>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li><code>Ponto final de autorização: /oauth/authorize</code></li>\r\n <li><code>Ponto final do token: /oauth/token</code></li>\r\n <li>Página de recursos: <code>/oauth/profile</code></li></ul>\r\nA regeneração do segredo do cliente não expirará os códigos de autorização existentes, mas eles falharão na renovação do token. <br><br>\r\nA revogação dos tokens do cliente causará o encerramento imediato de todas as sessões ativas. Todos os clientes precisam se autenticar novamente.",
+        "oauth2_info": "A implementação OAuth2 suporta o tipo de concessão \"Código de Autorização\" e emite tokens de atualização.<br>\nO servidor também emite automaticamente novos tokens de atualização, depois que um token de atualização foi usado.<br><br>\n&#8226; O escopo padrão é <i>perfil</i>. Somente usuários com caixa de e-mail podem ser autenticados contra o OAuth2. Se o parâmetro de escopo for omitido, ele voltará para <i>perfil</i>.<br>\nCaminhos para solicitações OAuth2 API: <br>\n<ul>\n<li>Endpoint de autorização: <code>/oauth/authorize</code></li>\n<li>Endpoint token: <code>/oauth/token</code></li>\n<li>Página de recursos: <code>/oauth/profile</code></li>\n</ul>\nRegenerar o segredo do cliente não expirará os códigos de autorização existentes, mas eles não renovarão seu token.<br><br>\nA revogação dos tokens do cliente causará o término imediato de todas as sessões ativas. Todos os clientes precisam se autenticar novamente.",
        "oauth2_redirect_uri": "URI de redirecionamento",
        "oauth2_renew_secret": "Gere um novo segredo de cliente",
        "oauth2_revoke_tokens": "Revogar todos os tokens do cliente",
@ -256,15 +256,15 @@
        "priority": "Prioridade",
        "private_key": "Chave privada",
        "quarantine": "Quarentena",
-        "quarantine_bcc": "Envie uma cópia de todas as notificações (BCC) para esse destinatário: <br><small>deixe em branco para desativar. <b>Correio não assinado e não verificado. Deve ser entregue somente internamente</b></small>.",
+        "quarantine_bcc": "Envie uma cópia de todas as notificações (BCC) para este destinatário:<br><small>Deixe em branco para desativar. <b>E-mail não assinado e não verificado. Deve ser entregue apenas internamente.</b></small>",
        "quarantine_exclude_domains": "Excluir domínios e domínios de alias",
        "quarantine_max_age": "Idade máxima em dias <br><small>O valor deve ser igual ou superior a 1 dia.</small>",
        "quarantine_max_score": "Descarte a notificação se a pontuação de spam de um e-mail for maior que esse valor: O <br><small>padrão</small> é 9999,0",
-        "quarantine_max_size": "Tamanho máximo em MiB (elementos maiores são descartados): <br><small>0 <b>não</b> indica ilimitado</small>.",
+        "quarantine_max_size": "Tamanho máximo em MiB (elementos maiores são descartados): <br><small>0 <b>não</b> indica ilimitado.</small>",
        "quarantine_notification_html": "Modelo de e-mail de notificação: <br><small>deixe em branco para restaurar o modelo padrão.</small>",
        "quarantine_notification_sender": "Remetente do e-mail de notificação",
        "quarantine_notification_subject": "Assunto do e-mail de notificação",
-        "quarantine_redirect": "<b>Redirecione todas as notificações</b> para esse destinatário: <br><small>deixe em branco para desativar. <b>Correio não assinado e não verificado. Deve ser entregue somente internamente</b></small>.",
+        "quarantine_redirect": "<b>Redirecione todas as notificações</b> para esse destinatário: <br><small>deixe em branco para desativar. <b>E-mail não assinado e não verificado. Deve ser entregue somente internamente.</b></small>",
        "quarantine_release_format": "Formato dos itens lançados",
        "quarantine_release_format_att": "Como anexo",
        "quarantine_release_format_raw": "Original não modificado",
@ -348,7 +348,10 @@
        "username": "Nome de usuário",
        "validate_license_now": "Valide o GUID em relação ao servidor de licenças",
        "verify": "Verificar",
-        "yes": "✓"
+        "yes": "✓",
+        "copy_to_clipboard": "Texto copiado para a área de transferência!",
+        "f2b_manage_external": "Gerenciar Fail2Ban externamente",
+        "f2b_manage_external_info": "O Fail2ban ainda manterá a lista de banimentos, mas não definirá ativamente regras para bloquear o tráfego. Use a lista de banimento gerada abaixo para bloquear externamente o tráfego."
    },
    "danger": {
        "access_denied": "Acesso negado ou dados de formulário inválidos",
@ -489,27 +492,27 @@
        "infoFiltered": "(filtrado do total de entradas _MAX_)",
        "infoPostFix": "",
        "thousands": ",",
-        "lengthMenu": "Show _MENU_ entries",
-        "loadingRecords": "Loading...",
-        "processing": "Please wait...",
-        "search": "Search:",
-        "zeroRecords": "No matching records found",
+        "lengthMenu": "Mostrar _ MENU_ entradas",
+        "loadingRecords": "Carregando...",
+        "processing": "Por favor, aguarde...",
+        "search": "Pesquisa:",
+        "zeroRecords": "Nenhum registro correspondente encontrado",
        "paginate": {
-            "first": "First",
-            "last": "Last",
+            "first": "Primeiro",
+            "last": "Última",
            "next": "Next",
-            "previous": "Previous"
+            "previous": "Anterior"
        },
        "aria": {
-            "sortAscending": ": activate to sort column ascending",
-            "sortDescending": ": activate to sort column descending"
+            "sortAscending": ": Ative para classificar a coluna ascendente",
+            "sortDescending": ": Ative para classificar a coluna decrescente"
        }
    },
    "debug": {
        "architecture": "Arquitetura",
        "chart_this_server": "Gráfico (este servidor)",
        "containers_info": "Informações do contêiner",
-        "container_running": "Correndo",
+        "container_running": "Executando",
        "container_disabled": "Contêiner parado ou desativado",
        "container_stopped": "Parado",
        "cores": "Núcleos",
@ -572,7 +575,7 @@
        "automap": "Tente mapear pastas automaticamente (“Itens enviados”, “Enviados” => “Enviados” etc.)",
        "backup_mx_options": "Opções de relé",
        "bcc_dest_format": "O destino do BCC deve ser um único endereço de e-mail válido. <br>Se precisar enviar uma cópia para vários endereços, crie um alias e use-o aqui.",
-        "client_id": "ID do cliente",
+        "client_id": "ID Cliente",
        "client_secret": "Segredo do cliente",
        "comment_info": "Um comentário privado não é visível para o usuário, enquanto um comentário público é mostrado como dica de ferramenta ao passar o mouse sobre ele na visão geral do usuário",
        "created_on": "Criado em",
@ -592,7 +595,8 @@
            "from_user": "{= from_user =} - Da parte do envelope do usuário, por exemplo, para \"moo@mailcow.tld\", ele retorna “moo”",
            "from_name": "{= from_name =} - Do nome do envelope, por exemplo, para “Mailcow < moo@mailcow.tld >”, ele retorna “Mailcow”",
            "from_addr": "{= from_addr =} - Do endereço, parte do envelope",
-            "from_domain": "{= from_domain =} - Da parte do domínio do envelope"
+            "from_domain": "{= from_domain =} - Da parte do domínio do envelope",
+            "custom": "{= foo =}         - Se o mailbox tiver o atributo personalizado \"foo\" com valor \"bar\", retornará \"bar\""
        },
        "domain_footer_plain": "Rodapé simples",
        "domain_quota": "Cota de domínio",
@ -864,7 +868,7 @@
        "relay_unknown": "Retransmitir caixas de correio desconhecidas",
        "remove": "Remover",
        "resources": "Recursos",
-        "running": "Correndo",
+        "running": "Executando",
        "sender": "Remetente",
        "set_postfilter": "Marcar como postfilter",
        "set_prefilter": "Marcar como pré-filtro",
@ -908,7 +912,7 @@
        "tls_map_parameters_info": "Vazio ou parâmetros, por exemplo: protocols=! Cifras SSLv2 = média, exclusão = 3DES",
        "tls_map_policy": "Política",
        "tls_policy_maps": "Mapas de políticas de TLS",
-        "tls_policy_maps_enforced_tls": "Essas políticas também substituirão o comportamento dos usuários de caixas de correio que impõem conexões TLS de saída. <code>Se nenhuma política existir abaixo, esses usuários aplicarão os valores padrão especificados como <code>smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols e smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers</code>.</code>",
+        "tls_policy_maps_enforced_tls": "Essas políticas também substituirão o comportamento das caixas de e-mail dos usuários, que impõem conexões TLS de saída. Se não houver nenhuma política abaixo, esses usuários aplicarão os valores padrão especificados como <code>smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols</code> e <code>smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers</code>.",
        "tls_policy_maps_info": "Esse mapa de políticas substitui as regras de transporte TLS de saída, independentemente das configurações de política de TLS do usuário. <br>\r\n Consulte <a href=\"http://www.postfix.org/postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_policy_maps\" target=\"_blank\">a documentação do “smtp_tls_policy_maps” para obter mais informações</a>.",
        "tls_policy_maps_long": "Substituições do mapa de políticas de TLS de saída",
        "toggle_all": "Alternar tudo",
@ -1091,7 +1095,8 @@
        "verified_fido2_login": "Login FIDO2 verificado",
        "verified_totp_login": "Login TOTP verificado",
        "verified_webauthn_login": "Login verificado do WebAuthn",
-        "verified_yotp_login": "Login OTP verificado do Yubico"
+        "verified_yotp_login": "Login OTP verificado do Yubico",
+        "f2b_banlist_refreshed": "O Banlist ID foi atualizado com sucesso."
    },
    "tfa": {
        "api_register": "%s usa a API Yubico Cloud. Obtenha uma chave de API para sua chave <a href=\"https://upgrade.yubico.com/getapikey/\" target=\"_blank\">aqui</a>",
@ -1219,7 +1224,7 @@
        "quarantine_notification_info": "Depois que uma notificação for enviada, os itens serão marcados como “notificados” e nenhuma outra notificação será enviada para esse item específico.",
        "recent_successful_connections": "Conexões bem-sucedidas vistas",
        "remove": "Remover",
-        "running": "Correndo",
+        "running": "Executando",
        "save": "Salvar alterações",
        "save_changes": "Salvar alterações",
        "sender_acl_disabled": "<span class=\"badge fs-6 bg-danger\">A verificação do remetente está desativada</span>",
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.ru-ru.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.ru-ru.json
@ -345,7 +345,10 @@
        "allowed_methods": "Access-Control-Allow-Methods",
        "ip_check": "Проверить IP",
        "ip_check_disabled": "Проверка IP отключена. Вы можете включить его в разделе <br> <strong>Система > Конфигурация > Параметры > Настроить</strong>.",
-        "ip_check_opt_in": "Согласие на использование сторонних служб <strong>ipv4.mailcow.email</strong> и <strong>ipv6.mailcow.email</strong> для разрешения внешних IP-адресов."
+        "ip_check_opt_in": "Согласие на использование сторонних служб <strong>ipv4.mailcow.email</strong> и <strong>ipv6.mailcow.email</strong> для разрешения внешних IP-адресов.",
+        "f2b_manage_external": "Внешнее управление Fail2Ban",
+        "f2b_manage_external_info": "Fail2ban по-прежнему будет вести банлист, но не будет активно устанавливать правила для блокировки трафика. Используйте сгенерированный ниже банлист для внешнего блокирования трафика.",
+        "copy_to_clipboard": "Текст скопирован в буфер обмена!"
    },
    "danger": {
        "access_denied": "Доступ запрещён, или указаны неверные данные",
@ -1015,7 +1018,8 @@
        "verified_webauthn_login": "Авторизация WebAuthn пройдена",
        "verified_yotp_login": "Авторизация Yubico OTP пройдена",
        "cors_headers_edited": "Настройки CORS сохранены",
-        "domain_footer_modified": "Изменения в нижнем колонтитуле домена %s сохранены"
+        "domain_footer_modified": "Изменения в нижнем колонтитуле домена %s сохранены",
+        "f2b_banlist_refreshed": "Идентификатор банлиста был успешно обновлен."
    },
    "tfa": {
        "api_register": "%s использует Yubico Cloud API. Пожалуйста, получите ключ API для вашего ключа <a href=\"https://upgrade.yubico.com/getapikey/\" target=\"_blank\">здесь</a>",
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.sk-sk.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.sk-sk.json
@ -107,7 +107,8 @@
        "username": "Používateľské meno",
        "validate": "Overiť",
        "validation_success": "Úspešne overené",
-        "tags": "Štítky"
+        "tags": "Štítky",
+        "dry": "Simulovať synchronizáciu"
    },
    "admin": {
        "access": "Prístup",
@ -486,7 +487,9 @@
        },
        "emptyTable": "Nie sú k dispozícii žiadne dáta.",
        "decimal": ",",
-        "thousands": " "
+        "thousands": " ",
+        "collapse_all": "Zbaliť všetko",
+        "expand_all": "Rozbaliť všetko"
    },
    "debug": {
        "chart_this_server": "Graf (tento server)",
@ -639,7 +642,18 @@
        "title": "Upraviť objekt",
        "unchanged_if_empty": "Ak nemeníte, nechajte prázdne",
        "username": "Používateľské meno",
-        "validate_save": "Validovať a uložiť"
+        "validate_save": "Validovať a uložiť",
+        "domain_footer_info_vars": {
+            "from_addr": "{= from_addr =} - E-mailová adresa odosielateľa",
+            "from_domain": "{= from_domain =} - Doména odosielateľa",
+            "auth_user": "{= auth_user =} - Prihlasovacie meno odosielateľa",
+            "from_user": "{= from_user =}   - Používateľská časť e-mailovej adresy odosielateľa, napr. pre \"moo@mailcow.tld\" vráti \"moo\"",
+            "from_name": "{= from_name =}   - Meno odosielateľa, napr. pre \"Mailcow &lt;moo@mailcow.tld&gt;\" vráti \"Mailcow\""
+        },
+        "domain_footer": "Pätička pre celú doménu",
+        "domain_footer_html": "HTML text",
+        "domain_footer_info": "Pätička pre celú doménu sa pridáva do všetkých odchádzajúcich e-mailov spojených s adresou v rámci tejto domény. <br> Pre pätičku je možné použiť nasledujúce premenné:",
+        "domain_footer_plain": "Obyčajný text"
    },
    "fido2": {
        "confirm": "Potvrdiť",
@ -934,7 +948,19 @@
        "type": "Typ"
    },
    "queue": {
-        "queue_manager": "Správca fronty"
+        "queue_manager": "Správca fronty",
+        "delete": "Vymazať všetko",
+        "flush": "Vyprázdnit frontu",
+        "info": "Poštová fronta obsahuje všetky e-maily, ktoré čakajú na doručenie. Ak e-mail uviazne v poštovej fronte na dlhší čas, systém ho automaticky vymaže.<br>Chybové hlásenie príslušného e-mailu poskytuje informácie o tom, prečo sa e-mail nepodarilo doručiť.",
+        "legend": "Možnosti akcií nad poštovou frontou:",
+        "ays": "Potvrďte, že chcete naozaj odstrániť všetky položky z aktuálnej fronty.",
+        "deliver_mail": "Doručiť",
+        "deliver_mail_legend": "Pokus o opätovné doručenie vybraných e-mailov.",
+        "show_message": "Zobraziť správu",
+        "unhold_mail": "Uvoľniť",
+        "unhold_mail_legend": "Uvoľniť vybrané e-maily na doručenie. (Len v prípade predchádzajúceho podržania)",
+        "hold_mail": "Podržať",
+        "hold_mail_legend": "Podržať vybrané e-maily. (Zabráni ďalším pokusom o doručenie)"
    },
    "ratelimit": {
        "disabled": "Vypnuté",
@ -1028,7 +1054,8 @@
        "verified_fido2_login": "Overené FIDO2 prihlásenie",
        "verified_totp_login": "Overené TOTP prihlásenie",
        "verified_webauthn_login": "Overené WebAuthn prihlásenie",
-        "verified_yotp_login": "Overené Yubico OTP prihlásenie"
+        "verified_yotp_login": "Overené Yubico OTP prihlásenie",
+        "domain_footer_modified": "Zmeny v pätičke domény %s boli uložené"
    },
    "tfa": {
        "api_register": "%s využíva Yubico Cloud API. Prosím, zaobstarajte si API kľúč pre váš kľúč <a href=\"https://upgrade.yubico.com/getapikey/\" target=\"_blank\">tu</a>",
--- a/data/web/lang/lang.uk-ua.json
+++ b/data/web/lang/lang.uk-ua.json
@ -346,7 +346,10 @@
        "ip_check_disabled": "Перевірка IP вимкнена. Ви можете ввімкнути його в меню<br> <strong>Система > Конфігурація > Параметри > Налаштувати</strong>",
        "ip_check_opt_in": "Згода на використання сторонніх служб <strong>ipv4.mailcow.email</strong> і <strong>ipv6.mailcow.email</strong> для визначення зовнішніх IP-адрес.",
        "options": "Параметри",
-        "queue_unban": "розблокувати"
+        "queue_unban": "розблокувати",
+        "f2b_manage_external": "Керування Fail2Ban ззовні",
+        "f2b_manage_external_info": "Fail2ban буде підтримувати список заборонених, але не буде активно встановлювати правила для блокування трафіку. Використовуйте згенерований список заборон нижче для зовнішнього блокування трафіку.",
+        "copy_to_clipboard": "Текст скопійовано в буфер обміну!"
    },
    "danger": {
        "alias_domain_invalid": "Неприпустимий псевдонім домену: %s",
@ -1063,7 +1066,8 @@
        "template_modified": "Зміни до шаблону %s збережено",
        "cors_headers_edited": "Налаштування CORS збережено",
        "ip_check_opt_in_modified": "Перевірка IP-адреси успішно збережено",
-        "template_removed": "Шаблону із ID %s видалено"
+        "template_removed": "Шаблону із ID %s видалено",
+        "f2b_banlist_refreshed": "Ідентифікатор списку заборонених успішно оновлено."
    },
    "tfa": {
        "confirm": "Підтвердьте",
--- a/data/web/templates/admin/tab-config-f2b.twig
+++ b/data/web/templates/admin/tab-config-f2b.twig
@ -42,6 +42,13 @@
            <input type="number" class="form-control" id="f2b_netban_ipv6" name="netban_ipv6" value="{{ f2b_data.netban_ipv6 }}" required>
          </div>
        </div>
+        <div class="mb-4">
+          <div class="form-check form-switch">
+            <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="f2b_manage_external" value="1" name="manage_external" {% if f2b_data.manage_external == 1 %}checked{% endif %}>
+            <label class="form-check-label" for="f2b_manage_external">{{ lang.admin.f2b_manage_external }}</label>
+          </div>
+          <p class="text-muted">{{ lang.admin.f2b_manage_external_info }}</p>
+        </div>
        <hr>
        <p class="text-muted">{{ lang.admin.f2b_list_info|raw }}</p>
        <div class="mb-2">
@ -90,6 +97,15 @@
      {% if not f2b_data.active_bans and not f2b_data.perm_bans %}
        <i>{{ lang.admin.no_active_bans }}</i>
      {% endif %}
+      <form class="form-inline" data-id="f2b_banlist" role="form" method="post">
+        <div class="input-group mb-3">
+          <input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="Banlist url" value="{{ f2b_banlist_url}}" id="banlist_url">
+          {% if is_https %}
+          <button class="btn btn-secondary" type="button" onclick="copyToClipboard('banlist_url')"><i class="bi bi-clipboard"></i></button>
+          {% endif %}
+          <button class="btn btn-secondary" type="button" data-action="edit_selected" data-item="{{ f2b_data.banlist_id }}" data-id="f2b_banlist" data-api-url='edit/fail2ban/banlist' data-api-attr='{}'><i class="bi bi-arrow-clockwise"></i></button>
+        </div>
+      </form>
      {% for active_ban in f2b_data.active_bans %}
        <p>
          <span class="badge fs-7 bg-info d-block d-sm-inline-block">
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ services:
            - phpfpm

    sogo-mailcow:
-      image: mailcow/sogo:1.119
+      image: mailcow/sogo:1.120
      environment:
        - DBNAME=${DBNAME}
        - DBUSER=${DBUSER}
@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ services:
            - acme

    netfilter-mailcow:
-      image: mailcow/netfilter:1.52
+      image: mailcow/netfilter:1.54
      stop_grace_period: 30s
      depends_on:
        - dovecot-mailcow
@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ services:
        - /lib/modules:/lib/modules:ro

    watchdog-mailcow:
-      image: mailcow/watchdog:1.98
+      image: mailcow/watchdog:2.00
      dns:
        - ${IPV4_NETWORK:-172.22.1}.254
      tmpfs:
@ -486,7 +486,10 @@ services:
        - USE_WATCHDOG=${USE_WATCHDOG:-n}
        - WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL=${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL:-}
        - WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN=${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN:-y}
+        - WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START=${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START:-y}
        - WATCHDOG_SUBJECT=${WATCHDOG_SUBJECT:-Watchdog ALERT}
+        - WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK=${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK:-}
+        - WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY=${WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY:-}
        - WATCHDOG_EXTERNAL_CHECKS=${WATCHDOG_EXTERNAL_CHECKS:-n}
        - WATCHDOG_MYSQL_REPLICATION_CHECKS=${WATCHDOG_MYSQL_REPLICATION_CHECKS:-n}
        - WATCHDOG_VERBOSE=${WATCHDOG_VERBOSE:-n}
--- a/generate_config.sh
+++ b/generate_config.sh
@ -398,9 +398,19 @@ USE_WATCHDOG=y
 #WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL=a@example.com,b@example.com,c@example.com
 #WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL=

+# Send notifications to a webhook URL that receives a POST request with the content type "application/json".
+# You can use this to send notifications to services like Discord, Slack and others.
+#WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK=https://discord.com/api/webhooks/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
+# JSON body included in the webhook POST request. Needs to be in single quotes.
+# Following variables are available: SUBJECT, BODY
+#WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY='{"username": "mailcow Watchdog", "content": "**${SUBJECT}**\n${BODY}"}'
+
 # Notify about banned IP (includes whois lookup)
 WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN=n

+# Send a notification when the watchdog is started.
+WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START=y
+
 # Subject for watchdog mails. Defaults to "Watchdog ALERT" followed by the error message.
 #WATCHDOG_SUBJECT=

--- a/helper-scripts/docker-compose.override.yml.d/EXTERNAL_MYSQL_SOCKET/docker-compose.override.yml
+++ b/helper-scripts/docker-compose.override.yml.d/EXTERNAL_MYSQL_SOCKET/docker-compose.override.yml
@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ services:
        - /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

    mysql-mailcow:
-      image: alpine:3.18
+      image: alpine:3.19
      command: /bin/true
      restart: "no"
--- a/helper-scripts/nextcloud.sh
+++ b/helper-scripts/nextcloud.sh
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 # renovate: datasource=github-releases depName=nextcloud/server versioning=semver extractVersion=^v(?<version>.*)$
-NEXTCLOUD_VERSION=27.1.4
+NEXTCLOUD_VERSION=28.0.0

 echo -ne "Checking prerequisites..."
 sleep 1
--- a/update.sh
+++ b/update.sh
@ -441,7 +441,10 @@ CONFIG_ARRAY=(
  "SKIP_SOGO"
  "USE_WATCHDOG"
  "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_EMAIL"
+  "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK"
+  "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY"
  "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN"
+  "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START"
  "WATCHDOG_EXTERNAL_CHECKS"
  "WATCHDOG_SUBJECT"
  "SKIP_CLAMD"
@ -623,12 +626,33 @@ for option in ${CONFIG_ARRAY[@]}; do
      echo "#MAILDIR_SUB=Maildir" >> mailcow.conf
      echo "MAILDIR_SUB=" >> mailcow.conf
    fi
+  elif [[ ${option} == "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK" ]]; then
+    if ! grep -q ${option} mailcow.conf; then
+      echo "Adding new option \"${option}\" to mailcow.conf"
+      echo '# Send notifications to a webhook URL that receives a POST request with the content type "application/json".' >> mailcow.conf
+      echo '# You can use this to send notifications to services like Discord, Slack and others.' >> mailcow.conf
+      echo '#WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK=https://discord.com/api/webhooks/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' >> mailcow.conf
+    fi
+  elif [[ ${option} == "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY" ]]; then
+    if ! grep -q ${option} mailcow.conf; then
+      echo "Adding new option \"${option}\" to mailcow.conf"
+      echo '# JSON body included in the webhook POST request. Needs to be in single quotes.' >> mailcow.conf
+      echo '# Following variables are available: SUBJECT, BODY' >> mailcow.conf
+      WEBHOOK_BODY='{"username": "mailcow Watchdog", "content": "**${SUBJECT}**\n${BODY}"}'
+      echo "#WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_WEBHOOK_BODY='${WEBHOOK_BODY}'" >> mailcow.conf
+    fi
  elif [[ ${option} == "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN" ]]; then
    if ! grep -q ${option} mailcow.conf; then
      echo "Adding new option \"${option}\" to mailcow.conf"
      echo '# Notify about banned IP. Includes whois lookup.' >> mailcow.conf
      echo "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_BAN=y" >> mailcow.conf
    fi
+  elif [[ ${option} == "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START" ]]; then
+    if ! grep -q ${option} mailcow.conf; then
+      echo "Adding new option \"${option}\" to mailcow.conf"
+      echo '# Send a notification when the watchdog is started.' >> mailcow.conf
+      echo "WATCHDOG_NOTIFY_START=y" >> mailcow.conf
+    fi
  elif [[ ${option} == "WATCHDOG_SUBJECT" ]]; then
    if ! grep -q ${option} mailcow.conf; then
      echo "Adding new option \"${option}\" to mailcow.conf"